{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T02:53:57Z","timestamp":1788317637206,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The association between body mass index (BMI) and dementia risk is heterogeneous across age groups and might be influenced by sex. Objective: This study aimed to clarify sex differences in the association between BMI and dementia risk in community-dwelling people. Methods: This cohort study with an 8-year follow-up targeted 13,802 participants aged 40\u201374 years at baseline in 2011\u20132013. A self-administered questionnaire requested information on body size, including height, weight, and waist circumference (the values of which were validated by direct measurement), socio-demographics, lifestyle, and disease history. BMI was calculated and categorized as\u200a&lt;\u200a18.5 (underweight), 18.5\u201320.6 (low-normal), 20.7\u201322.6 (mid-normal), 22.7\u201324.9 (high-normal), 25.0\u201329.9 (overweight), and\u226530.0\u200akg\/m2 (obese). Incident cases of dementia were obtained from the long-term care insurance database. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). Results: The mean age of participants was 59.0 years. In men, higher BMI was associated with lower dementia risk (fully-adjusted p for trend\u200a=\u200a0.0086). In women, the association between BMI and dementia risk was U-shaped; the \u201cunderweight,\u201d \u201clow-normal,\u201d and \u201coverweight\u201d groups had a significantly higher risk (fully-adjusted HR\u200a=\u200a2.12, 2.08, and 1.78, respectively) than the reference (\u201chigh-normal\u201d group). These findings did not change after excluding dementia cases which occurred within the first four years of the follow-up period. Conclusion: Overweight\/obese women, but not men, had an increased risk of dementia, suggesting that sex differences in adiposity might be involved in the development of dementia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-230294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T11:23:31Z","timestamp":1687260211000},"page":"949-959","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sex Differences in the Association Between Body Mass Index and Dementia Risk in Community-Dwelling Japanese People Aged 40\u201374 Years"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Alena","family":"Zakharova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Health Care, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. 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