{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:16:37Z","timestamp":1777396597167,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699833600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cobalamin (Cbl) and folate are common supplements clinicians prescribe as an adjuvant therapy for dementia patients, on the presumption of their neurotrophic and\/or homocysteine (Hcy) lowering effect. However, the treatment efficacy has been found mixed and the effects of Cbl\/folate\/Hcy on the human brain remain to be elucidated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the neurovascular correlates of Cbl\/folate\/Hcy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) and subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-seven AD patients and 57 SIVD patients were prospectively and consecutively recruited from an outpatient clinic. Multimodal 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging was performed to quantitatively evaluate cerebral blood flow (CBF) and white matter integrity. The relationship between neuroimaging metrics and the serum levels of Cbl\/folate\/Hcy was examined by using the Kruskal-Wallis test, partial correlation analysis, and moderation analysis, at a significance level of 0.05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As a whole, CBF mainly associated with Cbl\/folate while white matter hyperintensities exclusively associated with Hcy. As compared with AD, SIVD exhibited more noticeable CBF correlates (spatially widespread with Cbl and focal with folate). In SIVD, a bilateral Cbl-moderated CBF coupling was found between medial prefrontal cortex and ipsilateral basal ganglia, while in the fronto-subcortical white matter tracts, elevated Hcy was associated with imaging metrics indicative of increased injury in both axon and myelin sheath.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified the neurovascular correlates of previously reported neurotrophic effect of Cbl\/folate and neurotoxic effect of Hcy in dementia. The correlates exhibited distinct patterns in AD and SIVD. The findings may help improving the formulation of supplemental Cbl\/folate treatment for dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-230763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T11:23:58Z","timestamp":1699961038000},"page":"1329-1338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Neurovascular Correlates of Cobalamin, Folate, and Homocysteine in Dementia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Min-Chien","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsiao-Wen","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yen-Hsuan","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, National Chung Cheng University, Minxiong, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society, National Chung Cheng University,  Minxiong, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jir-Jei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Chau","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9111141"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-015-0500-4"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759091419865788"},{"key":"ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.00140"},{"key":"ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2015.02.012"},{"key":"ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1476830515Y.0000000045"},{"key":"ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.116970"},{"key":"ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-171042"},{"key":"ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh023"},{"key":"ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13030923"},{"key":"ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02253-3"},{"key":"ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.119.311908"},{"key":"ref013","unstructured":"World 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