{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:06:59Z","timestamp":1792109219074,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The asymptomatic at-risk phase might be the optimal time-window to establish clinically meaningful endpoints in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated whether, compared with the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT), the Memory Binding Test (MBT) can anticipate the diagnosis of emergent subtle episodic memory (EM) deficits to an at-risk phase.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five-year longitudinal FCSRT and MBT scores from 45 individuals matched for age, education, and gender, were divided into 3 groups of 15 subjects: A\u03b2-\/controls, A\u03b2+\/stable, and A\u03b2+\/progressors (preclinical-AD). The MBT adds an associative memory component (binding), particularly sensitive to subtle EM decline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the MBT, EM decline started in the A\u03b2+\/progressors (preclinical-AD) up to 4 years prior to diagnosis in delayed free recall (FR), followed by decline in binding-associated scores 1 year later. Conversely, in the FCSRT, EM-decline began later, up to 3 years prior to diagnosis, in the same group on both immediate and delayed versions of FR, while on total recall (TR) and intrusions decline started only 1 year prior to diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The MBT seems more sensitive than the FCSRT for early EM-decline detection, regarding the year of diagnosis and the number of scores showing AD-linked EM deficits (associated with the AD-characteristic amnesic hippocampal syndrome). Considering the MBT as a detection tool of early subtle EM-decline in an asymptomatic at-risk phase, and the FCSRT as a classification tool of stages of EM-decline from a preclinical phase, these tests ought to potentially become complementary diagnostic tools that can foster therapies to delay cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical trial registration title: Electrophysiological markers of the progression to clinical Alzheimer disease in asymptomatic at-risk individuals: a longitudinal event-related potential study of episodic memory in the INSIGHT pre-AD cohort (acronym: ePARAD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-230921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T11:33:37Z","timestamp":1708688017000},"page":"465-479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Memory Binding Test Detects Early Subtle Episodic Memory Decline in Preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Filipa","family":"Rapos Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM, U 1127, CNRS, UMR 7225\u2019 APHP, CENIR, Centre MEG-EEG, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease (IM2A), Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re University Hospital, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM, U 1127, CNRS, UMR 7225\u2019 APHP, CENIR, Centre MEG-EEG, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Dalla Barba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Dubois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM, U 1127, CNRS, UMR 7225\u2019 APHP, CENIR, Centre MEG-EEG, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease (IM2A), Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re University Hospital, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centre of Excellence of Neurodegenerative Disease (CoEN), ICM, CIC Neurosciences, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"La Corte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease (IM2A), Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re University Hospital, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire M\u00e9moire Cerveau et Cognition (UR 7536), Institut de Psychologie, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Boulogne-Billancourt, France"},{"name":"Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the INSIGHT-preAD study group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","unstructured":"GauthierS WebsterC ServaesS MoraisJA Rosa-NetoP(2022) World Alzheimer Report 2022. 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