{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T21:47:44Z","timestamp":1791496064034,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715644800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>US-based Latinos have lower education and income combined with higher health risks than non-Latino whites, but often \u2018paradoxically\u2019 evidence better health-related outcomes. Less work has investigated this paradox for cognitive-related outcomes despite nativity diversity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated cognitive aging within older Latinos of diverse nativity currently living in the US and participating in Rush Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Center studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants without baseline dementia, who completed annual neuropsychological assessments (in English or Spanish) were grouped by US-born ( n\u200a=\u200a117), Mexico-born ( n\u200a=\u200a173), and born in other Latin American regions (LAr-born\u200a=\u200a128). Separate regression models examined associations between nativity and levels of ( N\u200a=\u200a418) or change in ( n\u200a=\u200a371; maximum follow-up \u223c16 years) global and domain-specific cognition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Demographically-adjusted linear regression models indicated that foreign-born nativity was associated with lower levels of global cognition and select cognitive domains compared to US-born Latinos. No associations of nativity with cognitive decline emerged from demographically-adjusted mixed-effects models; however, Mexico-born nativity appeared associated with slower declines in working memory compared to other nativity groups ( p-values \u2265 0.051). Mexico-born Latinos had relatively higher vascular burden and lower education levels than other nativity groups; however, this did not alter results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nativity differences in baseline cognition may be due, in part, to accumulated stressors related to immigration and acculturation experienced by foreign-born Latinos which may hasten meeting criteria for dementia later in life. In contrast, Mexico-born participants\u2019 slower working memory declines, taken in the context of other participant characteristics including vascular burden, suggests the Hispanic Paradox may relate to factors with the potential to affect cognition<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-231358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T10:58:18Z","timestamp":1715684298000},"page":"981-991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Associations of Nativity and the Role of the Hispanic Paradox on the Cognitive Health of Older Latinos Living in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Jocelyn","family":"Jaen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francine","family":"Grodstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mart\u00edn","family":"Lajous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar Yaxmehen","family":"Bello-Chavolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatr\u00eda, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"G\u00f3mez-Flores-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONAHCYT\/Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David X.","family":"Marquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Lamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","unstructured":"VincentGK, VelkoffVA (2010) The next four decades: The older population in the United States: 2010 to 2050. Current Population Reports, U.S. Census Bureau,Washington, DC."},{"key":"ref002","unstructured":"Administration for Community Living. Profile of Hispanic Americans Age 65 and Older: 2020. The Profile \nof Older Americans, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC.https:\/\/acl.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/Profile%20of%20OA\/HispanicProfileReport2021.pdf"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.06.3063"},{"key":"ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12362"},{"key":"ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.06.2360"},{"key":"ref006","unstructured":"VespaJ, MedinaL, ArmstrongD(2020) Demographic turning points for the United States: Population projections for 2020 to 2060. 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