{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T07:56:07Z","timestamp":1792569367380,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]],"date-time":"2024-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709337600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emerging evidence suggests the potential relationship between vitamin D deficiency and risk of cognitive impairment or dementia. To what extent the excess risk of dementia conferred by vitamin D deficiency is less clear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We summarized the current evidence from several aspects and further quantified these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We collected relevant prospective cohort studies by searching PubMed, Embase and Cochrane up to July 2023. The pooled relative risks (RR) were evaluated by random-effects models. Dose-response analyses were conducted by the method of two-stage generalized least squares regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 9,267 identified literatures, 23 were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analyses, among which 9 and 4 literatures were included in the dose-response analyses for the risk of dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). Vitamin D deficiency exhibited a 1.42 times risk for dementia (95% confidence interval (CI)\u200a=\u200a1.21\u20131.65) and a 1.57-fold excess risk for AD (95% CI\u200a=\u200a1.15\u20132.14). And vitamin D deficiency was associated with 34% elevated risk with cognitive impairment (95% CI\u200a=\u200a1.19\u20131.52). Additionally, vitamin D was non-linearly related to the risk of dementia (p\n                      <jats:sub>nonlinearity<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u200a=\u200a0.0000) and AD (p\n                      <jats:sub>nonlinearity<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u200a=\u200a0.0042). The approximate 77.5\u2013100\u200anmol\/L 25-hydroxyvitamin D [\n                      <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">25(OH)D<\/jats:xref>\n                      ] was optimal for reducing dementia risk. And the AD risk seemed to be decreased when the 25(OH)D level &gt;40.1\u200anmol\/L.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency was a risk factor for dementia, AD, and cognitive impairment. The nonlinear relationships may further provide the optimum dose of 25(OH)D for dementia prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-231381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T11:47:23Z","timestamp":1709639243000},"page":"373-385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Association of Vitamin D Levels with Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Xiao-Xue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Institute of Geriatrics, The 2nd Medical Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He-Ran","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geriatrics, The 2nd Medical Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Meng-Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geriatrics, The 2nd Medical Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Zhuo","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geriatrics, The 2nd Medical Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Mei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Institute of Geriatrics, The 2nd Medical Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Xin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Institute of Geriatrics, The 2nd Medical Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Jun","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese People\u2019s 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