{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:48:57Z","timestamp":1790614137907,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,21]],"date-time":"2015-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442793600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scoliosis is the most debilitating issue in SMA type 2 patients. No evidence confirms the efficacy of Garches braces (GB) to delay definitive spinal fusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compare orthopedic and pulmonary outcomes in children with SMA type 2 function to management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We carried out a monocentric retrospective study on 29 SMA type 2 children who had spinal fusion between 1999 and 2009. Patients were divided in 3 groups: group 1-French patients (12 children) with a preventive use of GB; group 2-French patients (10 children) with use of GB after the beginning of the scoliosis curve; and group 3-Italian patients (7 children) with use of GB after the beginning of the scoliosis curve referred to our centre to perform orthopedic preoperative management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean preoperative and postoperative Cobb angle were significantly lower in the group 1 of proactively braced than in group 2 or 3 (Anova\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u200a=\u200a0.03; Kruskal Wallis test\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u200a=\u200a0.05). Better surgical results were observed in patients with a minor preoperative Cobb angle (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u200a=\u200a0.92\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u200a&lt; \u200a0.0001). Fewer patients in the group 1 proactively braced required trunk casts and\/or halo traction and an additional anterior fusion in comparison with patients in the group 2 and 3. Moreover, major complications tend to be less in the group 1 proactively braced. No significant differences were found between groups in pulmonary outcome measures.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A proactive orthotic management may improve orthopedic outcome in SMA type 2. Further prospective studies comparing SMA management are needed to confirm these results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions to Authors on jbjs.org for a complete description of levels of evidence (Retrospective comparative study).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jnd-150084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,27]],"date-time":"2015-11-27T08:38:24Z","timestamp":1448613504000},"page":"453-462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Orthopedic Management of Scoliosis by Garches Brace and Spinal Fusion in SMA Type 2 Children"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Michela","family":"Catteruccia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of molecular Medicine, Department of Neurosciences and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Research Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carole","family":"Vuillerot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon,H\u00f4pital Femme-M\u00e8re-Enfant, L\u2019Escale, Service de M\u00e9decine Physique et de R\u00e9adaptation P\u00e9diatrique, Bron, F-69500, France, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, Lyon, F-69000, France, CNRS UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biom\u00e9trie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique Sant\u00e9, Pierre-B\u00e9nite, F-69310, France"},{"name":"FILNEMUS, R\u00e9seau National Fran\u00e7ais de la Fili\u00e8re Neuromusculaire, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Vaugier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP-HP, Raymond Poincar\u00e9 H\u00f4pital, INSERM CIC 14.29, 92380 Garches, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Leclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistance Publique des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de P\u00e9diatrie, H\u00f4pital Raymond Poincar\u00e9, Garches, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris-Ile-de-France Ouest, France"},{"name":"Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence de Maladies Neuromusculaires Garches-Necker-Mondor-Hendaye (GNMH), France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviane","family":"Azzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistance Publique des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de P\u00e9diatrie, H\u00f4pital Raymond Poincar\u00e9, Garches, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris-Ile-de-France Ouest, France"},{"name":"Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence de Maladies Neuromusculaires Garches-Necker-Mondor-Hendaye (GNMH), France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Viollet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistance Publique des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de P\u00e9diatrie, H\u00f4pital Raymond Poincar\u00e9, Garches, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris-Ile-de-France Ouest, France"},{"name":"Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence de Maladies Neuromusculaires Garches-Necker-Mondor-Hendaye (GNMH), France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Estournet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistance Publique des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de P\u00e9diatrie, H\u00f4pital Raymond Poincar\u00e9, Garches, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris-Ile-de-France Ouest, France"},{"name":"Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence de Maladies Neuromusculaires Garches-Necker-Mondor-Hendaye (GNMH), France"},{"name":"FILNEMUS, R\u00e9seau National Fran\u00e7ais de la Fili\u00e8re Neuromusculaire, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Bertini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of molecular Medicine, Department of Neurosciences and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Research Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Quijano-Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistance Publique des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de P\u00e9diatrie, H\u00f4pital Raymond Poincar\u00e9, Garches, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris-Ile-de-France Ouest, France"},{"name":"Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence de Maladies Neuromusculaires Garches-Necker-Mondor-Hendaye (GNMH), France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Versailles-St Quentin, U1179 UVSQ - 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