{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:42:50Z","timestamp":1790113370770,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,17]],"date-time":"2018-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is unclear to which degree Levodopa (L-dopa) remains effective also in the late stage of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) and to which degree motor fluctuations and dyskinesias remain a problem.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess responsiveness of motor symptomatology to L-dopa in a group of patients with late stage PD. Moreover, to investigate the extent to which motor fluctuations and dyskinesias occur.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty PD patients in Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stages IV and V in \u201con\u201d were included. L-dopa responsiveness was assessed with a standardized L-dopa test in the defined \u201coff\u201d and defined \u201con\u201d states. Motor function was assessed by the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) III and timed tests. Motor fluctuations and dyskinesias were assessed by the UPDRS IV. The participants were further monitored for 10 days with a mobile movement-analyses-system, the Parkinson\u2019s Kinetigraph (PKG). The median (q1\u2013q3) L-dopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) was 799 (536\u2013973) mg.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The UPDRS III score improved with \u226515% in 15 (50%) and with \u226530% in six (20%) participants during the L-dopa test. The median (q1\u2013q3) UPDRS III score in \u201coff\u201d was 46 (37\u201353) and in \u201con\u201d 36 (28\u201346). Twenty-one (70%) of the participants reported either predictable or unpredictable \u201coff\u201d fluctuations (items 36\u201337). The prevalence of dyskinesias (item 32, duration of dyskinesias \u22651) was 47%. The PKG indicated that dyskinesias primarily were mild and that a majority had a pronounced \u201coff\u201d symptomatology, spending a large proportion of the day either asleep or very inactive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Half of a group of patients with late stage PD had an L-dopa response of \u226515% on the UPDRS III. According to the UPDRS IV, a majority of the patients had motor fluctuations and about half had dyskinesias, although the PKG results suggested that these were not very severe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jpd-171181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]],"date-time":"2018-02-20T11:43:07Z","timestamp":1519126987000},"page":"59-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Levodopa Effect and Motor Function in Late Stage Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Kristina","family":"Rosqvist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malcolm","family":"Horne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Clinical Neurosciences and Neurological Research, St\u00a0Vincent\u2019s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Hagell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The PRO-CARE Group, School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Iwarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria H.","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Memory Clinic, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Odin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Central Hospital, Bremerhaven, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.1090"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20458"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.17.5.427"},{"key":"ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq059"},{"key":"ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20324"},{"key":"ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.126"},{"key":"ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23878"},{"key":"ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.02.021"},{"key":"ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12027"},{"key":"ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2010.02.010"},{"key":"ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-010-5566-8"},{"key":"ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000008142"},{"key":"ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.1069"},{"key":"ref014","first-page":"152","volume-title":"Third symosium on Parkinson\u2019s disease","author":"Schwab R","year":"1969"},{"key":"ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.47.5.496"},{"key":"ref017","unstructured":"The CLaSP study. 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Svenska riktlinjer f\u00f6r utredning och behandling av Parkinsons sjukdom, http:\/\/www.swemodis.se\/images\/Dokument\/Terapird%20Parkinsons%20sjukdom%20version%207%202014.pdf, Revised version #7; 2014, Accessed on March 17, 2017."},{"key":"ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-011-0119-5"},{"key":"ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26632"},{"key":"ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg068"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JPD-171181","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JPD-171181","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JPD-171181","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T04:45:56Z","timestamp":1777610756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JPD-171181"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,17]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JPD-171181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jpd-171181","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-7171","1877-718X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-7171","type":"print"},{"value":"1877-718X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,17]]}}}