{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T10:35:35Z","timestamp":1790678135520,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Apomorphine infusion therapy remains under-used and there are no comparative studies of motor and non-motor effects of apomorphine infusion. Methods: In this paper we report preliminary results from an ongoing clinical observational \u201creal life\u201d surveillance-based study focused on effects of this therapy on non-motor symptoms and health-related quality of life in a group of patients on apomorphine. Results: Apomorphine infusion led to highly significant improvements in UPDRS 3 (p = 0.0003), UPDRS 4 (p = 0.0003), PDQ-8 (Parkinson's disease questionnaire, p = 0.001) and NMSS total (non motor symptoms scale, p = 0.0003). Furthermore, apomorphine was tolerated in patients with visual hallucinations, illusions and paranoid ideations while significant improvement in specific non-motor symptoms such as hyperhidrosis, nocturia, urgency of micturition, and fatigue was recorded. Levodopa equivalent dose decreased significantly (1077.81 \u00b1 446.26 to 458.75 \u00b1 282.29, p &lt; 0.0001) and a large effect size of intervention was noted. In an untreated group no such improvement was noted. The number needed to treat (NNT) for improvement &gt;1 SEM in the Apo group was calculated and was lower than 2 for &gt;1 SEM improvement of UPDRS 3, NMSS, and PDQ-8 total scores. Conclusions: This pilot observational study suggests that non-motor effects are evident with apomorphine therapy and patients suitable for apomorphine deteriorate in the absence of therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jpd-2011-11037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T13:48:59Z","timestamp":1575380939000},"page":"197-203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Chronic Subcutaneous Infusion Therapy with Apomorphine in Advanced                     Parkinson's Disease Compared to Conventional Therapy: A Real Life Study of Non                     Motor Effect"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Pablo","family":"Martinez-Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer Disease Research Unit and CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute of\r                    Health, Alzheimer Center Reina Sofia Foundation, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashanth","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, NPF Centre of Excellence, King's College\r                    Hospital, MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research and Biomedical Research\r                    Centre, Kings College, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Antonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Parkinson's disease, IRCCS San Camillo, Venice,\r                    Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tove","family":"Henriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Katzenschlager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, SMZ-Ost Donauspital, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Odin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Central Hospital, Bremerhaven, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Todorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, NPF Centre of Excellence, King's College\r                    Hospital, MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research and Biomedical Research\r                    Centre, Kings College, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yogini","family":"Naidu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Lewisham, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Tluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Lewisham, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandni","family":"Chandiramani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, NPF Centre of Excellence, King's College\r                    Hospital, MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research and Biomedical Research\r                    Centre, Kings College, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, NPF Centre of Excellence, King's College\r                    Hospital, MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research and Biomedical Research\r                    Centre, Kings College, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kallol Ray","family":"Chaudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, NPF Centre of Excellence, King's College\r                    Hospital, MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research and Biomedical Research\r                    Centre, Kings College, London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"University Hospital Lewisham, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]]},"container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JPD-2011-11037","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JPD-2011-11037","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T04:47:49Z","timestamp":1777610869000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JPD-2011-11037"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JPD-2011-11037"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jpd-2011-11037","relation":{"is-cited-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8477-0","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.17116\/jnevro20171172122-31","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8721-7","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1877-7171","1877-718X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-7171","type":"print"},{"value":"1877-718X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]]}}}