{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T00:54:23Z","timestamp":1788656063762,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Visuospatial skills are impaired in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). Other related skills exist, such as spatial orientation have been poorly studied. The egocentric (based on internal cues) and allocentric frameworks (based on external cues) are used in daily spatial orientation. Depending on PD onset, the allocentric framework may have a higher level of impairment in tremor-dominant and the egocentric one in akinetic-rigid.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate spatial orientation and visuospatial functions in PD patients and controls, and to assess whether their performance is related to disease duration and the PD subtype (tremor-dominant and akinetic-rigid).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated egocentric and allocentric spatial orientation (Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Memory Tasks) and visuospatial abilities, span and working memory in 59 PD patients and 51 healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Visuospatial skills, visuospatial span, and egocentric and allocentric orientation are affected in PD. Visuospatial skills and allocentric orientation undergo deterioration during the first 5 years of the disease progression, while egocentric orientation and visuospatial span do so at later stages (9\u201311 years). The akinetic-rigid subtype presents worse results in all the spatial abilities that were measured when compared to controls, and worse scores in visuospatial working memory, visuospatial abilities and allocentric orientation when compared to the tremor-dominant group. The tremor-dominant group performed worse than controls in egocentric and allocentric orientation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PD patients show deficits in their visuospatial abilities and in their egocentric and allocentric spatial orientation compared to controls, specifically in akinetic-rigid PD. Only spatial orientation are affected in tremor-dominant PD patients. Allocentric orientation is affected earlier in the progression of the disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jpd-202122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]],"date-time":"2020-10-02T13:56:44Z","timestamp":1601647004000},"page":"1807-1816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease Show Alteration in their Visuospatial Abilities and in their Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Orientation Measured by Card Placing Tests"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"Fernandez-Baizan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oviedo","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA)","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Paula Fernandez Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oviedo","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA)","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Diaz-Caceres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA)","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Menendez-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA)","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para la Investigaci\u00f3n y la Innovaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias (FINBA)","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"University of Oviedo","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge L.","family":"Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oviedo","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA)","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Mendez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oviedo","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA)","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2010.00373.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"100036","article-title":"Visuoperceptual disturbances in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Kawabata K","year":"2020","unstructured":"KawabataK, OhdakeR, WatanabeH, BagarinaoE, HaraK, OguraA, MasudaM, KatoT, YokoiT, KatsunoM, SobueG (2020) Visuoperceptual disturbances in Parkinson\u2019s disease, Clin Park Relat Disord 3, 100036.","journal-title":"Clin Park Relat Disord"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2004.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"RuggieroG IachiniT RuotoloF SeneseVP (2009) Spatial Memory: The role of egocentric and allocentric frames of reference. In Spatial Memory: Visuospatial Processes Cognitive Performance and Developmental Effects Thomas JB ed. Nova Science Publishers pp. 51-75."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-014-9247-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.12.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S173820"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2015.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2019.03.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-014-3853-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2010.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2016.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2017.239"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000842"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp245"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25853"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000341998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.3.181"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","first-page":"4","article-title":"Validaci\u00f3n del Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): Test de cribado para el deterioro cognitivo leve. Datos preliminaries","volume":"43","author":"Lozano Gallego M","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lozano GallegoM, Hern\u00e1ndez Ferr\u00e1ndizM, Turr\u00f3 GarrigaO, Pericot NiergaI, L\u00f3pez-pousaS, VilaltaJ (2009) Validaci\u00f3n del Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): Test de cribado para el deterioro cognitivo leve. Datos preliminaries, Alzheimer Real Invest Demenc 43, 4\u201311.","journal-title":"Alzheimer Real Invest Demenc"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2013.827744"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","unstructured":"Cambridge Cognition (2006) Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTABeclipse) manual. Cambridge Cognition Limited Cambridge."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000276398"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x20198041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","first-page":"2275","article-title":"Neurodegeneration and cognition in Parkinson\u2019s disease: A review","volume":"19","author":"Ding W","year":"2015","unstructured":"DingW, DingL, HanY, MuL (2015) Neurodegeneration and cognition in Parkinson\u2019s disease: A review, Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 19, 2275\u20132281.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acaa020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn237"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2018.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00139"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00152"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.033530"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-140365"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.12.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2020.112646"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JPD-202122","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JPD-202122","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JPD-202122","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T04:48:39Z","timestamp":1777610919000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JPD-202122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JPD-202122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jpd-202122","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-7171","1877-718X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-7171","type":"print"},{"value":"1877-718X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]}}}