{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T16:37:26Z","timestamp":1780677446770,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The concept of motor reserve explains the individual differences in motor deficits despite similar degrees of nigrostriatal dopamine depletion in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). Objective: To investigate glucocerebrosidase (GBA) variants as potential determinants of motor reserve for exploratory purposes. Methods: A total of 408 patients with drug-na\u00efve PD were enrolled from the Parkinson\u2019s Progression Markers Initiative cohort database. All patients underwent SPECT dopamine transporter (DAT) scans and had results for Sanger sequencing of GBA. Parkinsonian motor deficits were assessed using the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III). We compared MDS-UPDRS-III scores while adjusting for DAT availability in the putamen (i.e., motor reserve) between the PD groups according to the presence of GBA mutations. Results: Fifty-four (13.2%) patients carried GBA mutations. PD patients with GBA mutations were younger than those without mutations. There were no significant differences in sex, disease duration, years of education, and striatal DAT availability between the PD groups. PD patients with GBA mutations had higher MDS-UPDRS-III scores for the less affected side than those without mutations, despite similar levels of DAT availability in the contralateral putamen. The MDS-UPDRS-III sub-scores of the more affected side did not differ between the two PD groups. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated the detrimental effect of GBA variants on individual capacity to cope with PD-related pathologies, with different impacts depending on the motor laterality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jpd-212758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,27]],"date-time":"2021-08-27T12:34:28Z","timestamp":1630067668000},"page":"1715-1724","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Glucocerebrosidase Mutations and Motor Reserve in Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Seok Jong","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phil Hyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young H.","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun Joong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/JPD-212758_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-019-0917-z","article-title":"Defining cognitive reserve and implications for cognitive aging","volume":"19","author":"Pettigrew","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"10.3233\/JPD-212758_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70191-6","article-title":"Cognitive reserve in ageing and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Stern","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JPD-212758_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.14802\/jmd.20029","article-title":"Emerging concepts of motor reserve in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"13","author":"Chung","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.3233\/JPD-212758_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.01.030","article-title":"Does education modify motor compensation in Parkinson\u2019s disease?","volume":"362","author":"Sunwoo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.3233\/JPD-212758_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.10.023","article-title":"Premorbid exercise engagement and motor reserve in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"34","author":"Sunwoo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"10.3233\/JPD-212758_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26418","article-title":"Is dominant-side onset associated with a better motor compensation in Parkinson\u2019s disease?","volume":"30","author":"Ham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.3233\/JPD-212758_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617702813248","article-title":"What is cognitive reserve? 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