{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:15:53Z","timestamp":1790662553527,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Visual illusions (VI) in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) are generally considered as an early feature of the psychosis spectrum leading to fully formed visual hallucinations (VH), although this sequential relationship has not been clearly demonstrated. Objective: We aimed to determine whether there are any overlapping, potentially graded patterns of structural and functional connectivity abnormalities in PD with VI and with VH. Such a finding would argue for a continuum between these entities, whereas distinct imaging features would suggest different neural underpinnings for the phenomena. Methods: In this case control study, we compared structural and resting state functional MRI brain patterns of PD patients with VH (PD-H, n\u200a=\u200a20), with VI (PD-I, n\u200a=\u200a19), and without VH or VI (PD-C, n\u200a=\u200a23). Results: 1) PD-H had hypo-connectivity between the ILO and anterior cingulate precuneus and parahippocampal gyrus compared to PD-C and PD-I; 2) In contrast, PD-I had hyper-connectivity between the inferior frontal gyrus and the postcentral gyrus compared to PD-C and PD-H. Moreover, PD-I had higher levels of functional connectivity between the amygdala, hippocampus, insula, and fronto-temporal regions compared to PD-H, together with divergent patterns toward the cingulate. 3) Both PD-I and PD-H had functional hypo-connectivity between the lingual gyrus and the parahippocampal region vs. PD-C, and no significant grey matter volume differences was observed between PD-I and PD-H. Conclusion: Distinct patterns of functional connectivity characterized VI and VH in PD, suggesting that these two perceptual experiences, while probably linked and driven by at least some similar mechanisms, could reflect differing neural dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jpd-212838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]],"date-time":"2021-11-05T14:57:15Z","timestamp":1636124235000},"page":"397-409","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Structural and Functional Correlates of Hallucinations and Illusions in Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forefront Parkinson\u2019s Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, IGCNC, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Neurology Department, Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha L.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forefront Parkinson\u2019s Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Roquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontiers, Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Beze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, IGCNC, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Neurology Department, Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carine","family":"Chassain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, IGCNC, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Neuroradiology Department, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics Department, Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"O\u2019Callaghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forefront Parkinson\u2019s Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon J.G.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forefront Parkinson\u2019s Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, 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