{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T23:45:41Z","timestamp":1793403941539,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]],"date-time":"2021-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633996800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of wildtype recombinant alpha-synuclein preformed fibrils (aSyn PFFs) to induce endogenous alpha-synuclein to form pathological phosphorylation and trigger neurodegeneration is a popular model for studying Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) biology and testing therapeutic strategies. The strengths of this model lie in its ability to recapitulate the phosphorylation\/aggregation of aSyn and nigrostriatal degeneration seen in PD, as well as its suitability for studying the progressive nature of PD and the spread of aSyn pathology. Although the model is commonly used and has been adopted by many labs, variability in observed phenotypes exists. Here we provide summaries of the study design and reported phenotypes from published reports characterizing the aSyn PFF in vivo model in rodents following injection into the brain, gut, muscle, vein, peritoneum, and eye. These summaries are designed to facilitate an introduction to the use of aSyn PFFs to generate a rodent model of PD\u2014highlighting phenotypes observed in papers that set out to thoroughly characterize the model. This information will hopefully improve the understanding of this model and clarify when the aSyn PFF model may be an appropriate choice for one\u2019s research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jpd-212847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]],"date-time":"2021-09-03T12:03:21Z","timestamp":1630670601000},"page":"1555-1567","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["A Summary of Phenotypes Observed in the In Vivo Rodent Alpha-Synuclein Preformed Fibril Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nicole K.","family":"Polinski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson\u2019sResearch, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/JPD-212847_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e88","DOI":"10.1002\/cpns.88","article-title":"Back and to the future: From neurotoxin-inducedto human Parkinson\u2019s disease models","volume":"91","author":"Airavaara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3233\/JPD-212847_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2015.00503","article-title":"Evaluation of models of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Jagmag","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3233\/JPD-212847_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Konnova EA , Swanberg M (2018) Chapter 5: Animal models of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Parkinson\u2019s disease: Pathogenesis and clinical aspects. 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