{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T11:41:50Z","timestamp":1783942910907,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678665600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deficits in motor learning could be an important explanation for the balance and gait impairments characteristic of people with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). Empirical studies often report that so-called implicit motor sequence learning is impaired in people with PD, but the results are inconclusive. Altered brain activity during implicit motor sequence learning has also been reported for people with PD in comparison to healthy individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate implicit motor sequence learning and associated neural correlates in individuals with mild to moderate PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-seven participants with PD and 34 healthy participants, all \u226560 years of age, performed the serial reaction time task (SRTT) during the acquisition of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. We analyzed the SRTT as a measure of implicit motor sequence learning in two complementary ways. We analyzed the task-induced fMRI data within regions of interest (ROIs) as well as functional connectivity between ROIs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found a significant group difference in SRTT performance indicating that the participants with PD had a somewhat lower level of implicit motor sequence learning than the healthy participants. Exploratory analyses suggested that impairments in implicit motor sequence learning for people with PD might be due to a lower learning rate. We did not find any significant group differences in the fMRI data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our exploratory finding of a lower implicit motor learning rate in PD could have important implications for how people with PD should practice new motor tasks and physical exercise. Future studies need to confirm this finding with hypothesis-driven analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jpd-223480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T12:14:43Z","timestamp":1678796083000},"page":"367-378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Implicit Motor Sequence Learning in People with Mild to Moderate Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Behavior and Related Brain Function"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Malin","family":"Freidle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William H.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Applied Information Technology, Gothenburg, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Albrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme, Medical unit Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Franz\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme, Medical unit Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"R&D unit, Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2015.02.003"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.03.042"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00062"},{"key":"ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000121"},{"key":"ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61393-3"},{"key":"ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2005.03.004"},{"key":"ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328304b6a3"},{"key":"ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200301200-00004"},{"key":"ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032012"},{"key":"ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(02)00283-5"},{"key":"ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-212801"},{"key":"ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-019-1520-2"},{"key":"ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-021-00269-5"},{"key":"ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.17.5.427"},{"key":"ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x"},{"key":"ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2101"},{"key":"ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70152-7"},{"key":"ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031278"},{"key":"ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm211"},{"key":"ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10018"},{"key":"ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(87)90002-8"},{"key":"ref022","unstructured":"LuceRD (1986) Response Times: Their Role in Inferring Elementary Mental Organization, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK."},{"key":"ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-0327-3"},{"key":"ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184661"},{"key":"ref025","unstructured":"AshburnerJ, BarnesJ, ChenC, DaunizeauJ, FlandinG, FristonK, JafarianA, KiebelS, KilnerJ, LitvakV, MoranR, PennyW, RaziA, StephanK, TakS, ZeidmanP, GitelmanD, HensonR, HuttonC, GlaucheV, MattoutJ, PhillipsC (2014), SPM Manual."},{"key":"ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2012.0073"},{"key":"ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.03.004"},{"key":"ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.06.041"},{"key":"ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-8020(09)70781-3"},{"key":"ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.12.012"},{"key":"ref031","first-page":"918719","volume":"2012","author":"Kelly VE","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parkinsons Dis"},{"key":"ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.01.015"},{"key":"ref033","unstructured":"FreidleM (2022) Motor and cognitive abilities in Parkinson\u2019s disease with a brain activity perspective: Performance at baseline and the effects of a balance training program (Thesis). Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden."},{"key":"ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116189"},{"key":"ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.02.004"},{"key":"ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhr099"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JPD-223480","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JPD-223480","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JPD-223480","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T04:52:15Z","timestamp":1777611135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JPD-223480"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JPD-223480"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jpd-223480","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-7171","1877-718X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-7171","type":"print"},{"value":"1877-718X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]}}}