{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T09:57:25Z","timestamp":1777888645825,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]],"date-time":"2023-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675728000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A better understanding of factors associated with caregiver burden might facilitate the construction of coping strategies to improve their clinical outcomes and the comprehensive care model for dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the cognitive and neuropsychiatric domains that contribute to caregiver burden in three types of neurodegenerative disorders: Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), and frontotemporal disease (FTD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eight hundred and fourteen patients and their caregivers were invited to participate; among them, 235 had PD with cognitive impairment; 429 had AD, and 150 had FTD. The evaluation protocol included the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Chinese Version Verbal Learning Test, the modified Trail Making Test B, semantic fluency, and a geriatric depression score. Statistical comparisons of the cognitive tests, NPI total scores, and caregiver burden among the three diagnosed types of dementia, matched for a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) of 0.5 or 1, were performed, and multivariate linear regression models were used to evaluate the parameter significance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Caregivers for patients with PD and FTD showed significant burden increments when the CDR scores changes from 0.5 to 1. For CDR\u200a=\u200a0.5, the PD group had significantly lower caregiver burdens than the AD group, but the NPI total scores were significantly higher. Factors related to caregiver burden were the presence of delusion among all diagnosis groups, while the impact of NPI total scores related to caregiver burden was the highest in FTD, followed by AD and PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At the mild to moderate stages, our results suggested different degrees of significance in terms of the cognitive test scores or NPI subdomains for predicting caregiver stress among the three types of dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jpd-223550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T13:11:37Z","timestamp":1676034697000},"page":"243-254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Caregiver Stress in Parkinson\u2019s Disease with Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, and Frontotemporal Dementia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yu-Tzu","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi-Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognition and Aging Center, Department of General Neurology, Institutes for translational research in biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsin-I","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognition and Aging Center, Department of General Neurology, Institutes for translational research in biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shih-Wei","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen-Chang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Hua","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei-Ning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chia Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiung-Chih","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognition and Aging Center, Department of General Neurology, Institutes for translational research in biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100303"},{"key":"ref002","first-page":"483","volume":"24","author":"Wen 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