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Numerous studies point to a putative synergistic relationship between hyperphosphorylation tau, A\u03b2, cardiovascular lesions, and TDP-43 with \u03b1-synuclein, which may alter the stereotypical pattern of pathological progression and accelerate cognitive decline. Here we discuss the prevalence and relationships between common concomitant pathologies observed in PD. In addition, we highlight shared genetic risk factors and developing biomarkers that may provide better diagnostic accuracy for patients with PD that have co-existing pathologies. The tremendous heterogeneity observed across the PD spectrum is most likely caused by the complex interplay between pathogenic, genetic, and environmental factors, and increasing our understanding of how these relate to idiopathic PD will drive research into finding accurate diagnostic tools and disease modifying therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jpd-230154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T12:24:53Z","timestamp":1702988693000},"page":"35-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Prevalence of Concomitant Pathologies in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Implications for Prognosis, Diagnosis, and Insights into Common Pathogenic Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lauren","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, 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