{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T02:04:34Z","timestamp":1777860274424,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JRS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Despite the improvement of anesthetic-related modalities, the incidence of unintended intraoperative awareness remains at around 0.005\u20130.038%. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe the intraoperative awareness incidents that occurred across Thailand between January to December, 2015. METHODS: Observational data was collected from 22 hospitals throughout Thailand. The awareness category was selected from incident reports according to the Perioperative Anesthetic Adverse Events in Thailand (PAAd Thai) study database and descriptive statistics were analyzed. The awareness characteristics and the related factors were recorded. RESULTS: A total of nine intraoperative awareness episodes from 2000 incidents were observed. The intraoperative awareness results were as follows: experience of pain (38.1%), perception of sound (33.3%), perception of intubation (9.5%) and feeling of paralysis (14.3%). The observed factors that affect intraoperative awareness were anesthesia-related (100%), patient-related (55.5%), surgery-related (22.2%) and systematic process-related (22.2%). The contributing factors were situational inexperience (77.8%) and inappropriate patient evaluation (44.4%). An awareness of anesthetic performer (100%) and experience (88.9%) were defined as incident-mitigating factors. The suggested corrective strategies were quality assurance activity (88.9%), improved supervision (44.4%) and equipment utilization (33.3%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Nine intraoperative awareness incidents were observed, however the causes were preventable. The anesthetic component seems to be the most influential to prevent these events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jrs-200023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]],"date-time":"2020-06-09T13:49:33Z","timestamp":1591710573000},"page":"123-132","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Unintended intraoperative awareness: An analysis of Perioperative Anesthetic Adverse Events in Thailand (PAAd Thai)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Phuping","family":"Akavipat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":", , , Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jatuporn","family":"Eiamcharoenwit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", , , Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yodying","family":"Punjasawadwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", Chiang Mai University, , Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siriporn","family":"Pitimana-aree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", Mahidol University, , , Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wimonrat","family":"Sriraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", Khon Kaen University, , , Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prok","family":"Laosuwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", Chulalongkorn University, , , Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Somchai","family":"Viengteerawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", Mahidol University, , , Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wirat","family":"Wasinwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", Prince of Songkla University, , Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JRS-200023_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2015.10.002","article-title":"Preoperative clinics","volume":"34","author":"Edwards","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JRS-200023_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aen144","article-title":"Awareness with recall during general anaesthesia: A prospective observational evaluation of 4001 patients","volume":"101","author":"Errando","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/JRS-200023_ref6","first-page":"671","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of intraoperative awareness during general anesthesia","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/JRS-200023_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2009.02016.x","article-title":"The incidence of intra-operative awareness during general anesthesia in China: A multi-center observational study","volume":"53","author":"Xu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/JRS-200023_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-015-0095-6","article-title":"Undesired awareness phenomena during general anesthesia: Evidence-based state of knowledge, current discussions and strategies for prevention and management","volume":"64","author":"Bischoff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anaesthesist"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/JRS-200023_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12826","article-title":"The 5th National Audit Project (NAP5) on accidental awareness during general anaesthesia: Summary of main findings and risk factors","volume":"69","author":"Pandit","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JRS-200023_ref10","first-page":"48","article-title":"Awareness - clinical relevance","volume":"48","author":"Pilge","year":"2013","journal-title":"AINS"},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"10.3233\/JRS-200023_ref11","first-page":"S14","article-title":"The Thai anesthesia incidents study (THAI Study) of anesthetic outcomes: II. 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