{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T02:04:40Z","timestamp":1777860280400,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JRS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Using benzodiazepines (BZDs) or Z-drugs in poly-therapy is a critical issue. OBJECTIVE: Identifying factors influencing the use of BZDs\/Z-drugs in poly- vs mono-therapy in patients with or without substance use disorders (SUDs). METHODS: 986 inpatients were analysed. Socio-demographic and clinical variables were collected. BZD\/Z-drug doses were compared via the Defined Daily Dose (DDD) and standardized as diazepam dose equivalents. Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, Fisher test, hierarchical multivariate regression analyses were run referring to the whole sample and to subjects with current SUDs, lifetime SUDs, current and lifetime SUDs, non-SUDs. RESULTS: In the whole sample the variance of being mono- vs poly-therapy users was explained by BZD\/Z-drug formulation, DDD, duration of treatment, age of first BZDs\/Z-drugs use (\u0394R2 =\u00a00.141, p &lt;\u00a00.001). Among those with current SUDs (\u0394R2 =\u00a00.278, p =\u00a00.332) or current and lifetime SUDs (\u0394R2 =\u00a00.154, p =\u00a00.419), no variables explained the variance of being mono-vs poly-therapy users. Among lifetime SUDs subjects, the variance of being mono- vs poly-therapy users was explained by BZD\/Z-drug formulation and age of first BZD\/Z-drug use (\u0394R2 =\u00a00.275, p &lt;\u00a00.001). Among non-SUDs subjects, the variance of being mono- vs poly-therapy users was explained by DDD and duration of treatment (\u0394R2 =\u00a00.162, p =\u00a00.001). CONCLUSIONS: Tablets, high drug doses, long duration of treatment, and early age of first use were more likely associated to poly- than mono-therapy. This suggests that patients have different clinical features and a pharmacological prescription should be tailored to them also based on the variables here analysed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jrs-210014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]],"date-time":"2021-06-11T10:44:28Z","timestamp":1623408268000},"page":"295-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mono- and poly-therapy with benzodiazepines or Z-drugs: Results from a tertiary-care Addiction Unit study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Mansueto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":", University of Florence, , Italy"},{"name":", University of Florence, , Italy"},{"name":", Sigmund Freud University, , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Lugoboni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", Verona University Hospital, , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Casari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", Verona University Hospital, , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bertoldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", Verona University Hospital, , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiammetta","family":"Cosci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", University of Florence, , Italy"},{"name":", University of Florence, , Italy"},{"name":", Maastricht University, , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JRS-210014_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1159\/000434755","article-title":"Hypnotics and triazolobenzodiazepines-best predictors of high-dose benzodiazepine use: Results from the Luxembourg National Health Insurance 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