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Although there has been considerable research investigating the association between maternal and environmental factors on adverse birth outcomes, one risk factor, not fully understood, is the influence of the built environment. A search of MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane was conducted to find articles assessing the influence of the built environment on preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and small-for-gestational-age (SGA). In total, 41 studies met our inclusion criteria, and were organized into nine categories: Roadways, Greenness, Power Plants, Gas Stations\/Wells, Waste Management, Power Lines, Neighborhood Conditions, Food Environment, and Industry. The most common built environmental variable was roads\/traffic, encompassing 17\/41 (41%) of the articles reviewed, of which 12\/17 (71%) found a significant small to moderate association between high traffic exposure and adverse birth outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/npm-16112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,25]],"date-time":"2017-08-25T13:38:37Z","timestamp":1503668317000},"page":"233-248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The influence of the built environment on adverse birth outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Woods","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College, London, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Gilliland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Children\u2019s Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, London, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Geography, Western University, London, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.A.","family":"Seabrook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College, London, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Children\u2019s Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, London, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00400248"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.3.483"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxq001"},{"key":"ref004","unstructured":"Reproductive Health [Internet]. 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