{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:25:59Z","timestamp":1777890359577,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,29]],"date-time":"2016-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472428800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE: To assess the current practice preferences in diagnosis and management of persistent hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) of neonatologists or pediatricians with expertise in neonatal care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    STUDY DESIGN: Investigators identified potential participants worldwide through a literature search. They were emailed the URL of an online 25-item questionnaire through the web survey site SurveyMonkey\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Additional respondents were also acquired through a professional online discussion group. The survey was conducted during July - September 2015.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    RESULTS: Overall, there were 200 respondents from 51 different countries. Of these, the average 2014 mortality rate of the 90 respondents who completed this section of the questionnaire was 8.3% (interquartile range (IQR): 0-20.3). Echocardiography together with pre-to-post ductal oxygen pulse oximetry (SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) gradient was the most common PPHN diagnostic method. The most frequent first-line pulmonary vasodilator was inhaled nitric oxide (155\/199, 77.9%). Oral sildenafil was most commonly used as second-line adjunctive therapy by 46.3% (81\/175). Dopamine (139\/198, 70.2%) was chosen to be the initial inotropic agent and normal saline (191\/199, 96.0%) was the preferred initial fluid resuscitation for hypotension. Sedation and analgesia were routinely used for PPHN treatment. Twenty-one percent (42\/199) of respondents also used muscle relaxants to control respiratory distress. The most commonly used targets for partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and hemoglobin were 71\u201380\u200ammHg (60\/197, 30.4%), 36\u201345\u200ammHg (100\/199, 50.2%), 91\u201395% (111\/199, 55.8%), and 13\u201315\u200agm\/dL (156\/196, 79.6%), respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    CONCLUSIONS: This survey shows that the management of PPHN varies widely around the world. The major PPHN diagnostic method is echocardiography together with bedside SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    monitoring. The study numbers show the main differences are between developed and developing countries. Further studies exploring evidence-based principles of diagnosis and management in PPHN are warranted.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/npm-16915133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T10:50:27Z","timestamp":1472554227000},"page":"243-250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["An international survey on persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: A need for an evidence-based management"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Nakwan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hat Yai Medical Education Center, Hat Yai Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Chaiwiriyawong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hat Yai Medical Education Center, Hat Yai Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.1.14"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm.2011.011"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2015.1060213"},{"key":"ref004","first-page":"64","volume":"94","author":"Khorana M","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Assoc ThaiS"},{"key":"ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.16-12-e680"},{"key":"ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-008-9303-3"},{"key":"ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev071"},{"key":"ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.85.2.159"},{"key":"ref009","first-page":"CD000399","volume":"4","author":"Finer NN","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04100-1"},{"key":"ref011","first-page":"519","volume":"29","author":"Shivananda S","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)30039-3"},{"key":"ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1988.254.3.H542"},{"key":"ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.161463"},{"key":"ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.90238.2008"},{"key":"ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181bab0c7"},{"key":"ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105355"},{"key":"ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70197-4"},{"key":"ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2006.01.002"},{"key":"ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7210971"},{"key":"ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2007.09.002"},{"key":"ref022","first-page":"CD001242","volume":"3","author":"Subhedar NV","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199504000-00024"},{"key":"ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199302000-00020"},{"key":"ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.7_Spec_No.870"},{"key":"ref026","first-page":"CD005494","volume":"8","author":"Shah PS","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/NPM-16915133","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/NPM-16915133","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/NPM-16915133","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:36:10Z","timestamp":1777613770000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/NPM-16915133"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,29]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,16]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/NPM-16915133"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/npm-16915133","relation":{},"ISSN":["1934-5798","1878-4429"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1934-5798","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-4429","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,29]]}}}