{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T18:31:48Z","timestamp":1793730708817,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NPM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Preterm infant experiences neuromotor disturbances and neonatal pain during NICU stay. Optimal brain development and pain tolerance require both sensory and motor experiences. We aimed to explore the effect of multimodal stimulation (MMS) including multi-sensory and movement therapy on neuromotor behaviour and neonatal pain among hospitalized preterm infants. METHODS: 32 recruited preterm infants [gestational age (GA): 28 to 36 weeks] by convenience sampling technique for pre-test-post-test control group, single-center randomized controlled study were randomly allocated into two groups, MMS group, and control group. MMS group received the interventions for 5 days period, totalling five sessions with 30 minutes\/session. Infant Neurological International Battery (INFANIB), Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), weight, length, and Occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) were recorded at baseline and 6th day to analyze the changes observed neuromotor behaviour, neonatal pain, and changes in the anthropometric parameters respectively. RESULTS: GA, weight, length and OFC of preterm infants recruited were, 34.4\u00b12 weeks, 2.11\u00b10.48\u200akg, 45\u00b13.8\u200acm and 32.3\u00b11.7\u200acm respectively. INFANIB and NIPS change scores in MMS group were [4 (2, 6); p\u200a=\u200a0.001] and NIPS scores [2 (2,3); p\u200a&lt;\u200a0.001] respectively when compared to INFANIB [\u2013 4 (\u2013 6, \u2013 2); p\u200a=\u200a0.001] and NIPS scores [1 (\u2013 1,1); p\u200a=\u200a0.778] in control group. Significant difference p\u200a&lt;\u200a0.001 in INFANIB and NIPS scores while non-significant difference in weight (p\u200a=\u200a0.166), length (p\u200a=\u200a0.443) and OFC (p\u200a=\u200a0.413) were observed between the groups. CONCLUSION: Administration of MMS has a positive clinically significant impact on neuromotor behaviour and neonatal pain on preterm infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/npm-210889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T17:21:06Z","timestamp":1638292866000},"page":"325-337","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Short-term effects of multimodal stimulation on neuromotor behaviour and neonatal pain among hospitalized preterm infants: A feasibility, non-blinded randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"V.P.","family":"Aranha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Chahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.K.","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-210889_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.6.728","article-title":"Cognitive and behavioral outcomes of school-aged children who were born preterm: A meta-analysis","volume":"288","author":"Bhutta","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-210889_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2016.09.006","article-title":"The role of early developmental intervention to influence neurobehavioral outcomes of children born preterm","volume":"40","author":"Spittle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-210889_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.757","article-title":"Epidemiology of painful procedures performed in neonates: A systematic review of observational studies","volume":"20","author":"Cruz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-210889_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22267","article-title":"Procedural pain and brain development in premature newborns","volume":"71","author":"Brummelte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-210889_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000114","article-title":"Neonatal pain and developmental outcomes in children born preterm: A systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Valeri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-210889_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.09.018","article-title":"Cortisol levels in former preterm children at school age are predicted by neonatal procedural pain-related stress","volume":"51","author":"Brummelte","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-210889_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2008.00895.x","article-title":"The effect of multimodal stimulation and cutaneous application of vegetable oils on neonatal development in preterm infants: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"35","author":"Vaivre-Douret","year":"2009","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-210889_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1097\/PR9.0000000000000673","article-title":"On the feasibility of accessing acute pain-related facial expressions in the human fetus and its potential implications: A case report","volume":"3","author":"Bernardes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain Reports.e"},{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-210889_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-012-0945-z","article-title":"Effect of multisensory stimulation on neuromotor development in preterm infants","volume":"80","author":"Kanagasabai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-210889_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nasimi F , Zeraati H , Shahinfar J , Boskabadi H , Ghorbanzade M . 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