{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:31:21Z","timestamp":1777890681754,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NPM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Hypoglycemia in neonates is common and contributes to 4.0\u20135.8% of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions. In utero nicotine exposure is underexplored as a potential contributor to neonatal hypoglycemia. Rat models have shown that in utero nicotine exposure can be associated with a reduction in pancreatic beta cell mass, leading to glucose dysregulation. The primary aim of this work is to study the risk of developing hypoglycemia after birth in a population of in utero nicotine-exposed neonates. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective matched cohort study that augmented an existing dataset of neonates admitted to a level IV NICU with household-based in utero nicotine exposure (N\u200a=\u200a335). Neonates in the control group parents denied household smoking (N\u200a=\u200a325), were born within a 6-month timeframe, and were within a birthweight of 50 grams of a nicotine-exposed neonate. Data reviewed included gestational age, growth parameters, maternal history of diabetes, and glucose levels within the first three hours of life per unit protocol. RESULTS: 660 neonates were included in the analysis. In utero nicotine exposure demonstrated a 94.3% posterior probability (PP) for greater hypoglycemia risk (RR\u200a=\u200a1.185, 95% CrI\u200a=\u200a[0.953, 1.445]). A 94.6% PP was demonstrated when neonates who were small for gestational age, intrauterine growth-restricted, and born to diabetic mothers were excluded (n\u200a=\u200a482; RR\u200a=\u200a1.271, 95% CrI\u200a=\u200a[0.946, 1.669]). CONCLUSION: Nicotine exposure in utero was found to be a potential risk factor for developing hypoglycemia after birth. Mechanisms of action should be explored, and additional research on in utero nicotine exposure risks should follow.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/npm-230124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T11:42:11Z","timestamp":1695382931000},"page":"445-452","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating the relationship of in utero nicotine exposure with hypoglycemia after delivery: An observational study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Mary G.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Centerat Houston [UTHealth], Houston, TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Suchting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston [UTHealth], Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Scheid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Centerat Houston [UTHealth], Houston, TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lindsay N.","family":"Holzapfel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Centerat Houston [UTHealth], Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aditi","family":"Chalise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston [UTHealth], Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela L.","family":"Stotts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston [UTHealth], Houston, TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Centerat Houston [UTHealth], Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Centerat Houston [UTHealth], Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir M.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Centerat Houston [UTHealth], Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas F.","family":"Northrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Centerat Houston [UTHealth], Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/NPM-230124_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.2016-0063","article-title":"Neonatal Hypoglycemia","volume":"38","author":"Thompson-Branch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NPM-230124_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.007","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycemia","volume":"22","author":"Adamkin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/NPM-230124_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.05.022","article-title":"Incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia in babies identified as at risk","volume":"161","author":"Harris","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NPM-230124_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-019-0807-5","article-title":"Prevalence and patterns of cigarette smoking before and during early and late pregnancy according to maternal characteristics: the first national data based on the 2003 birth certificate revision, United States, 2016","volume":"16","author":"Kondracki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"10.3233\/NPM-230124_ref7","unstructured":"Second-Hand Tobacco Smoke Exposure. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Ser- vices Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau. Women\u2019s Health USA 2011. 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