{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:14:23Z","timestamp":1790810063592,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NRE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,15]]},"DOI":"10.3233\/nre-172154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,19]],"date-time":"2017-09-19T12:20:19Z","timestamp":1505823619000},"page":"765-774","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Walking on uneven terrain in healthy adults and the implications for people after stroke"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Kelly A.","family":"Hawkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"},{"name":"Brooks Rehabilitation, Jacksonville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, North Florida\/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Gainesville, FL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chitralakshmi K.","family":"Balasubramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Applied Movement Sciences, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily J.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"},{"name":"Brooks Rehabilitation, Jacksonville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref1","first-page":"591013","article-title":"Walking adaptability after a stroke and its assessment in clinical settings","volume":"2014","author":"Balasubramanian","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke Res Treat"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2008.10.061","article-title":"Variability in spatiotemporal step characteristics and its relationship to walking performance post-stroke","volume":"29","author":"Balasubramanian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2014.01.001","article-title":"Stiff-knee gait in cerebral palsy: How do patients adapt to uneven ground?","volume":"39","author":"Bohm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref4","first-page":"1197","article-title":"Gait comparison of subjects with hemiplegia walking unbraced, with ankle-foot orthosis, and with Air-Stirrup brace","volume":"68","author":"Burdett","year":"1988","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2995","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.12.2995","article-title":"Quality of life among stroke survivors evaluated 1 year after stroke: Experience of a stroke unit","volume":"31","author":"Carod-Artal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2004.06.009","article-title":"Gait differences between individuals with post-stroke hemiparesis and non-disabled controls at matched speeds","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00246","article-title":"Automaticity of walking: Functional significance, mechanisms, measurement and rehabilitation strategies","volume":"9","author":"Clark","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.10.081","article-title":"Locomotor Adaptability Task Promotes Intense and Task-Appropriate Output From the Paretic Leg During Walking","volume":"97","author":"Clark","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00217","article-title":"Utilization of central nervous system resources for preparation and performance of complex walking tasks in older adults","volume":"6","author":"Clark","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00825.2009","article-title":"Merging of healthy motor modules predicts reduced locomotor performance and muscle coordination complexity post-stroke","volume":"103","author":"Clark","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.04.007","article-title":"Abnormalities in the temporal patterning of lower extremity muscle activity in hemiparetic gait","volume":"25","author":"Den Otter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref12","volume-title":"KT Update","author":"Dijkers","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.08.001","article-title":"Kinematic strategies for walking across a destabilizing rock surface","volume":"35","author":"Gates","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60408-6","article-title":"Balance and mobility outcomes for stroke patients: A comprehensive audit","volume":"43","author":"Hill","year":"1997","journal-title":"Aust J Physiother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref15","first-page":"217","article-title":"Electromyographic recording of muscular activity in normal and spastic gaits","volume":"33","author":"Hirschberg","year":"1952","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"13-14","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280500534994","article-title":"Interference between balance, gait and cognitive task performance among people with stroke living in the community","volume":"28","author":"Hyndman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1161\/hs0202.102375","article-title":"Higher incidence of falls in long-term stroke survivors than in population controls: Depressive symptoms predict falls after stroke","volume":"33","author":"Jorgensen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PHM.0000107486.99756.C7","article-title":"Trunk muscle strength in relation to balance and functional disability in unihemispheric stroke patients","volume":"83","author":"Karatas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.04.070","article-title":"Cortical control of normal gait and precision stepping: An fNIRS study","volume":"85","author":"Koenraadt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/00003677-200504000-00006","article-title":"Energetic consequences of walking like an inverted pendulum: Step-to-step transitions","volume":"33","author":"Kuo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exerc Sport Sci Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(00)00028-6","article-title":"Coactivation during gait as an adaptive behavior after stroke","volume":"10","author":"Lamontagne","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"issue":"12 Suppl 2","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.08.128","article-title":"Physical therapy during stroke rehabilitation for people with different walking abilities","volume":"86","author":"Latham","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"Pt 13","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.201.13.2071","article-title":"Mechanics and energetics of human locomotion on sand","volume":"201","author":"Lejeune","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2003.05.002","article-title":"Community ambulation after stroke: How important and obtainable is it and what measures appear predictive?","volume":"85","author":"Lord","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-006-0399-5","article-title":"Adaptations of walking pattern on a compliant surface to regulate dynamic stability","volume":"173","author":"MacLellan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2013.02.003","article-title":"Use of segmental coordination analysis of nonparetic and paretic limbs during obstacle clearance in community-dwelling persons after stroke","volume":"5","author":"MacLellan","year":"2013","journal-title":"PM R"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2007.09.005","article-title":"Age-related changes in gait for multi-surface terrain","volume":"27","author":"Marigold","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00078","article-title":"Associations between prefrontal cortex activation and H-reflex modulation during dual task gait","volume":"8","author":"Meester","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2008.10.057","article-title":"Effects of walking surfaces and footwear on temporo-spatial gait parameters in young and older people","volume":"29","author":"Menant","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/15438627.2011.534968","article-title":"Step time variability and pelvis acceleration patterns of younger and older adults: Effects of footwear and surface conditions","volume":"19","author":"Menant","year":"2011","journal-title":"Res Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(02)00159-5","article-title":"Acceleration patterns of the head and pelvis when walking on level and irregular surfaces","volume":"18","author":"Menz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/32.2.137","article-title":"Age-related differences in walking stability","volume":"32","author":"Menz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2012.01.014","article-title":"Energetic cost of walking with increased step variability","volume":"36","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/0966-6362(96)01063-6","article-title":"Hemiparetic gait following stroke. Part I: Characteristics","volume":"4","author":"Olney","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.7.1.7","article-title":"Dimensions of mobility: Defining the complexity and difficulty associated with community mobility","volume":"7","author":"Patla","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Aging Phys Activ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20110217","article-title":"Participation in community walking following stroke: The influence of self-perceived environmental barriers","volume":"93","author":"Robinson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20100216","article-title":"Participation in community walking following stroke: Subjective versus objective measures and the impact of personal factors","volume":"91","author":"Robinson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.16.1.85","article-title":"Adaptive changes in gait of older and younger adults as responses to challenges to dynamic balance","volume":"16","author":"Rogers","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Aging Phys Act"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.26247","article-title":"Effect of stroke on step characteristics of obstacle crossing","volume":"82","author":"Said","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2011.02.010","article-title":"Minimum toe clearance adaptations to floor surface irregularity and gait speed","volume":"44","author":"Schulz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbu117","article-title":"The role of accommodations in poststroke disability management","volume":"69","author":"Skolarus","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref42","first-page":"341","article-title":"Sagittal plane kinematic analysis of the six-minute walk test: A classification of hemiplegic gait","volume":"45","author":"Straudi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2004.06.004","article-title":"Effects of surface irregularity and lighting on step variability during gait: A study in healthy young and older women","volume":"22","author":"Thies","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215506cr929oa","article-title":"Identification of healthy elderly fallers and non-fallers by gait analysis under dual-task conditions","volume":"20","author":"Toulotte","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"Pt 21","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3963","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.081711","article-title":"Biomechanics and energetics of walking on uneven terrain","volume":"216","author":"Voloshina","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/NRE-172154_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720810381996","article-title":"Joint kinetics and muscle activity while walking on ballast","volume":"52","author":"Wade","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Factors"}],"container-title":["NeuroRehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/NRE-172154","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:50:44Z","timestamp":1777614644000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/NRE-172154"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,15]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/nre-172154","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8135","1878-6448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8135","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,15]]}}}