{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T12:39:03Z","timestamp":1789907943964,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NeuroRehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and Repetitive facilitative exercise (RFE) improves motor impairment after stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-2\">\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can facilitate the effects of rTMS and RFE on the function of the hemiparetic hand in stroke patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-3\">\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This randomized double-blinded crossover study divided 20 patients with hemiparesis into two groups and provided treatment for 4 weeks at 5 days\/week. NMES-before-sham group and NMES-following-sham group performed NMES sessions and sham NMES sessions for each 2 weeks. Patients received NMES or sham NMES for the affected extensor muscle concurrently with 1\u200aHz rTMS for the unaffected motor cortex for 10\u200amin and performed RFE for 60\u200amin. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Box and Block Test (BBT) and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) were used for evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-4\">\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FMA and ARAT improved significantly during both sessions. The gains in the BBT during an NMES session were significantly greater than those during a sham NMES session. MAS for the wrist and finger significantly decreased only during an NMES session.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-5\">\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NMES combined with rTMS might facilitate, at least in part, the beneficial effects of RFE on motor function and spasticity of the affected upper limb.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/nre-192800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T13:05:04Z","timestamp":1575032704000},"page":"323-329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effects of concomitant neuromuscular electrical stimulation during repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation before repetitive facilitation exercise on the hemiparetic hand"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Seiji","family":"Etoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Kawamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Tomonaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiji","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizuyo","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomokazu","family":"Noma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nihon Fukushi University","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satomi","family":"Kikuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryuji","family":"Miyata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Shimodozono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182436558"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.2.206"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1310\/tsr1505-412"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968308331146"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2010.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1175"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197771331"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2010.506855"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318270401d"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","first-page":"363","article-title":"NMES with rTMS for moderate to severe dysfunction after stroke","volume":"35","author":"Koyama, S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koyama,S., Tanabe,S., Warashina,H., Kaneko,T., Sakurai,H., Kanada,Y., Nagata,J., & Kanno,T. 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