{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:46:02Z","timestamp":1777891562479,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NRE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization has developed the International Classification of Functions, Disabilities, and Health (ICF) model providing a theoretical basis for physical therapy diagnosis and interventions related to health conditions. However, the multiple relationship between body structure\/function and activity domain variables is unknown on the cognition, spasticity, trunk and lower extremity recovery of the sensorimotor function and activity. OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to determine the relationship between body structure\/functions and body activity domain variables in adults with stroke. METHODS: A total of 218 hemiplegic survivors (102 females, mean age 64.98\u00b113.53) were recruited from the Chungdam Hospital Center for our retrospective study. We used Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Fugl-Meyer Assessment for lower extremity (FMA-LE), Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), and Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) as clinical outcome measures. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the multiple relationships among the variables at P\u200a&lt;\u200a0.05. RESULTS: The correlations between body structure\/function domain (MMSE, FMA-LE, MAS) and activity domain variables (BBS, MBI, and TIS) were significant, rending from pre -intervention r\u200a=\u200a\u20130.216 to 0.766 and post-intervention r\u200a=\u200a\u20130.213 to 0.776, P\u200a&lt;\u200a0.05, except for MMSE and MAS. CONCLUSIONS: Establishing a significant difference between body structure\/functions and activity domain variables in our research implies important multiple relationships between cognitive function, lower extremity function, lower extremity spasticity, and balance, and performance of ADL and trunk control coordination after stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/nre-210195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,12]],"date-time":"2021-11-12T11:15:45Z","timestamp":1636715745000},"page":"553-563","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multiple relationships between cognition-motor impairment and activity-based clinical outcome measures in 218 hemiplegic stroke patients1"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Seon Ah","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Movement Artificial Intelligence Robotics Technology (SMART) Institute, Department of Physical Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chanhee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Movement Artificial Intelligence Robotics Technology (SMART) Institute, Department of Physical Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung Jun","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Nursing and Health, Kyungwoon University, Gumi, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua (Sung) H.","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Movement Artificial Intelligence Robotics Technology (SMART) Institute, Department of Physical Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"Preprint","key":"10.3233\/NRE-210195_ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Relation of exercise capacity to comprehensive physical functions in individuals with ischemic stroke","author":"Ahn,","year":"2021","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/NRE-210195_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-130940","article-title":"Correlations among impairment, daily activities and thinking operations after stroke","volume":"33","author":"Akbari,","year":"2013","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/NRE-210195_ref3","first-page":"7","article-title":"The Relationship Between Postural Control and Functional Performance Ability in Subacute Stroke Patients","volume":"10","author":"An,","year":"2012","journal-title":"PNF and Movement"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/NRE-210195_ref4","first-page":"64","article-title":"Correlation between balance, walking test and functional performance in stroke patients: BBS, TUG, Fugl-Meyer, MAS-G, C\u00b7MGS, and MBI","volume":"14","author":"An,","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physical Therapy Korea"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.3233\/NRE-210195_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0163792","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163792","article-title":"The validity and reliability of the mini-mental state examination- for detecting mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease in a Korean population","volume":"11","author":"Baek,","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3233\/NRE-210195_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50608.x","article-title":"Subcortical vascular disease andfunctional decline: A -year predictor study","volume":"50","author":"Bennett,","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of theAmerican Geriatrics Society"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/NRE-210195_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.3138\/ptc.41.5.240","article-title":"Balance and its measure in the elderly: a review","volume":"41","author":"Berg,","year":"1989","journal-title":"Physiotherapy Canada"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-210195_ref10","unstructured":"Bobath, B. 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