{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:48:33Z","timestamp":1777891713818,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NRE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Patients with cerebrovascular disorders (CVDs) tend to exhibit impulsive behaviour without controlling their movements, leading to difficulty in performing activities of daily living and an increased risk of accidents. This hastiness, termed \u2018pacing impairment\u2019, has been studied but is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE: To experimentally examine the kinetic features of pacing impairment by focusing on changes in speed and investigating neuropsychological substrates. METHODS: We instructed 53 inpatients with CVDs, 20 orthopaedic inpatients, and 20 healthy participants to trace a 200\u200amm-sided square as slowly as possible for 120 seconds. We measured the tracing length and mean acceleration and examined the relationship between these measurements, neuropsychological symptoms, and lesion sites. RESULTS: Gradual acceleration in drawing, i.e., decline in motor suppression, was observed more frequently in the CVD group than in the control groups. Excessive acceleration was associated with unilateral spatial neglect, frontal lobe signs, and attention disorders but not with motor impersistence. Additionally, the incidence of excessive acceleration did not differ between left and right hemisphere lesion subgroups and was not associated with any specific lesion site. CONCLUSION: Pacing impairment can manifest as general or holistic deficits in attentional function widely distributed throughout the cerebral hemispheres.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/nre-230375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T12:56:56Z","timestamp":1713531416000},"page":"383-390","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Accelerated decline in motor suppression in patients with cerebrovascular disorders: A kinetic analysis using the square-tracing task"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Shoko","family":"Kimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Kyoto Okamoto Memorial Hospital, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuo","family":"Naito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nara Gakuen University, Nara, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-230375_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(90)90107-L","article-title":"Functional architecture of basal ganglia circuits: Neural substrates of parallel processing","volume":"13","author":"Alexander,","year":"1990","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-230375_ref2","first-page":"358","article-title":"Evidence for accident-prone behavior in hemiplegic patients","volume":"51","author":"Diller,","year":"1970","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-230375_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.11.1621","article-title":"The FAB: A Frontal Assessment Battery at bedside","volume":"55","author":"Dubois,","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-230375_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses","volume":"41","author":"Faul,","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-230375_ref5","first-page":"202","article-title":"Impairment in pacing and its cognitive rehabilitation of patients with cerebrovascular disease","volume":"9","author":"Hamada,","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-230375_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.2496\/apr.18.127","article-title":"Rehabilitation of attentional disorders in cerebrovascular disease","volume":"18","author":"Hirabayashi,","year":"1998","journal-title":"Higher Brain Function Research"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-230375_ref8","first-page":"141","article-title":"Impairment in pacing in right-brain-damaged patients","volume":"7","author":"Hirabayashi,","year":"1991","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-230375_ref10","unstructured":"Japan Society for Higher Brain Dysfunction. (2006). Clinical assessment for attention (CAT) Clinical assessment for spontaneity (CAS). Tokyo: Shinkoh-igaku Publishers."},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-230375_ref11","first-page":"855","article-title":"Right brain damage and rehabilitation: On psychological problem","volume":"16","author":"Miyamori,","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gen. 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Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien"},{"key":"10.3233\/NRE-230375_ref17","first-page":"37","article-title":"Research on the relation between attention disorders and impairments in pacing in patients with cerebrovascular diseases Bulletin of the School of Health Sciences","volume":"20","author":"Yotsumoto,","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kagoshima University"}],"container-title":["NeuroRehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/NRE-230375","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T06:08:49Z","timestamp":1777615729000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/NRE-230375"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/nre-230375","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8135","1878-6448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8135","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]}}}