{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T09:49:16Z","timestamp":1777888156968,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PRM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>PURPOSE: To assess the functional capabilities and performance in children with visual impairment who live in a developing country. METHODS: This was a case-control study, including binocular and monocular visually impaired children and non-visually disabled controls aged between 4 and 12 years. All participants underwent a basic ophthalmic exam and caregivers answered the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). The results were compared among the groups with ANOVA. RESULTS: The sample included 35 children with visual disability (21 binocular and 14 monocular) and 23 age-matched controls. The groups did not differ in age, gender, and ethnicity. For the functional skills scale, binocular impaired children had lower scores than children from the monocular group and controls in all three domains \u2013 self-care (59.6\u00b133.0, P\u200a&lt;\u200a0.001), mobility (38.5\u00b126.6, P\u200a&lt;\u200a0.001), and social function (61.0\u00b128.2, P\u200a&lt;\u200a0.001). For the caregiver assistance scale, children from the binocular group presented lower scores in the self-care (64.7\u00b129.6, P\u200a=\u200a0.002), mobility (50.6\u00b136.3, P\u200a&lt;\u200a0.001), and social function (65.9\u00b133.4, P\u200a=\u200a0.008) domains as compared to monocular and controls. Children with monocular visual disability presented very similar scores to controls (all P\u200a&gt;\u200a0.05). CONCLUSION: Children with binocular visual impairment presented some degree of difficulty with everyday functioning whereas monocular visual impairment did not cause any limitation in function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/prm-200787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T13:11:18Z","timestamp":1652793078000},"page":"341-348","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessment of everyday functioning in visually impaired children from a developing country1"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Vitor","family":"Ramos de Toledo Negr\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L\u00edvia","family":"de Andrade Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruna Michele Freire","family":"de Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tais Siqueira","family":"Ven\u00e2ncio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4101-0304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niro","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/PRM-200787_ref1","unstructured":"Edemekong PF , Bomgaars DL , Sukumaran S , Levy SB . 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