{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T09:50:39Z","timestamp":1777888239948,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PRM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>PURPOSE: Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), an uncommon but serious neurologic condition, primarily affects children, and can progress quickly to paralysis and respiratory failure. Data on long-term outcomes of patients with AFM are limited. This study reports on functional status through 12 months for AFM patients who became ill in 2018 in the United States. METHODS: Health departments collected information on outcomes at 6 and 12 months after onset of AFM using a standardized form that asked patients or their parents\/guardians about functional status. Analyses were restricted to confirmed cases. RESULTS: Of the 238 confirmed AFM cases reported to CDC in 2018, 90 (38%) had assessments at 6 months, 82 (34%) at 12 months, and 49 (21%) at both 6 and 12 months. Among the 49 patients with data at both time points, the proportion of patients reporting significant or severe impairment at 6 months ranged from 2% to 59% depending on the outcome. Although proportions decreased by 12 months and ranged from 2% to 51%, most patients had some impairment at 12 months. No deaths were reported. CONCLUSION: Six- and 12-month outcomes in patients with onset of AFM in 2018 span a wide range of functionality, particularly of upper and lower extremities. Importantly, improvement appears to occur over time in some patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/prm-220054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]],"date-time":"2023-05-10T13:38:00Z","timestamp":1683725880000},"page":"391-400","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Six- and 12-month functional outcomes among patients with confirmed acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) with onset in 2018, United States"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Adriana S.","family":"Lopez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Kidd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Yee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Dooling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janell A.","family":"Routh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw372","article-title":"Acute flaccid myelitis in the United States, August\u2013December results of nationwide surveillance","volume":"63","author":"Sejvar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20191619","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-1619","article-title":"Acute flaccid myelitis in the United States: 2015\u20132017","volume":"144","author":"Ayers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6827e1","article-title":"Vital Signs: surveillance for acute flaccid myelitis\u2014United States 2018.","volume":"68","author":"Lopez","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e201630","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2610.201630","article-title":"Enterovirus D-68-associated acute flaccid myelitis, United States, 2020","volume":"26","author":"Kidd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6931e3","article-title":"Vital Signs: clinical characteristics of patients with confirmed acute flaccid myelitis, United States, 2018","volume":"69","author":"Kidd","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073816680770","article-title":"Longitudinal outcomes in the acute flaccid paralysis cluster in Canada","volume":"32","author":"Yea","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2020.11.019","article-title":"Three-year longitudinal motor function and disability level of acute flaccid myelitis","volume":"116","author":"Chong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004081","article-title":"Outcomes of Colorado children with acute flaccid myelitis at 1 year","volume":"89","author":"Martin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref9","first-page":"901","article-title":"Acute neurologic illness of unknown etiology in children\u2014Colorado, August\u2013September 2014","volume":"63","author":"Pastula","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref10","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. AFM Cases and Outbreaks. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2023 [cited 2023 March 23]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/acute-flaccid-myelitis\/cases-in-us.html"},{"key":"10.3233\/PRM-220054_ref11","unstructured":"Revision to the Standardized Surveillance and Case Definition for Acute Flaccid Myelitis. Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists; 2017 [cited 2021 July 29]. 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