{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T09:59:03Z","timestamp":1777888743793,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594684800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alpha\/delta neurofeedback has been shown to be a potential treatment option for chronic subjective tinnitus. Traditional neurofeedback approaches working with a handful of surface electrodes have been criticized, however, due to their low spatial specificity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate an innovative tomographic neurofeedback protocol that combines neural activity measured across the whole scalp with sLORETA source estimation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-eight tinnitus patients participated in 15 neurofeedback training sessions as well as extensive pre, post, and follow-up testing. Patients were randomly assigned to either a tomographic (TONF) or a traditional electrode-based neurofeedback (NTNF) group. Main outcome measures of this study were defined as tinnitus-related distress measured with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ), tinnitus loudness, and resting-state EEG activity in trained frequency bands.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For both groups a significant reduction of tinnitus-related distress and tinnitus loudness was found. While distress changes remained persistent irrespective of group, loudness levels returned to baseline in the follow-up period. No significant between-group differences between the 2 neurofeedback applications (TONF vs. NTNF) were found, which suggests a similar contribution to symptom improvement. The trained alpha\/delta ratio increased significantly over the course of the training and remained stable in the follow-up period. This effect was found irrespective of group on both surface and source levels with no meaningful differences between the 2 groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study shows that a tomographic alpha\/delta protocol should be considered a promising addition to tinnitus treatment but that more individually specific neurofeedback protocols should be developed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/rnn-200992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T11:29:05Z","timestamp":1594898945000},"page":"283-299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Combining neurofeedback with source estimation: Evaluation of an sLORETA neurofeedback protocol for chronic tinnitus treatment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Dominik","family":"G\u00fcntensperger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Kleinjung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Neff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Th\u00fcring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"University Research Priority Program \u201cDynamics of Healthy Aging\u201d, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"Tinnitus-Zentrum, Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2009.04.001"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahlmann-Eltze,C. 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