{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T01:50:21Z","timestamp":1790214621272,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The long-term course and the frequency of relapses for various\n\t\t\t peripheral vestibular disorders and somatoform phobic postural vertigo are\n\t\t\t discussed with respect to the clinically most important questions for thus\n\t\t\t afflicted patients. This review is mainly based on our own long-term follow-up\n\t\t\t studies and takes into consideration the most relevant literature. The\n\t\t\t following syndromes are discussed in detail. Vestibular neuritis: the\n\t\t\t recovery rate of peripheral vestibular function lies between 40\u201363%\n\t\t\t depending on early-onset treatment with corticosteroids; the recurrence rate\n\t\t\t within 10 years is 2%. Meni\u00e8re's disease} loss of auditory and\n\t\t\t vestibular function occurs mainly in the first 5 to 10 years; frequency of\n\t\t\t vertigo attacks may decline after 5 to 10 years; bilateral involvement\n\t\t\t increases with increasing duration of the condition in up to 30\u201350%;\n\t\t\t vestibular drop attacks may occur early or late within the course, mostly with\n\t\t\t spontaneous remission; high-dose and long-term treatment with betahistine\n\t\t\t significantly reduces attack frequency in Meni\u00e8re's disease,  Benign\n\t\t\t paroxysmal positioning vertigo: the recurrence rate is 50% within 10 years\n\t\t\t (in females 58%, in males 39%), most recurrences (80%) being observed\n\t\t\t within the first year after initial relief; recurrence rate in the seventh\n\t\t\t decade is half of that in the sixth decade. Vestibular paroxysmia:\n\t\t\t medical treatment with carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine leads to a continuous\n\t\t\t significant reduction in attack frequency, intensity, and duration of\n\t\t\t 10\u201315% of baseline. Bilateral vestibulopathy: recovery of vestibular\n\t\t\t function is limited to single cases depending on their etiology.  Phobic \n\t\t\t postural vertigo: within 5 to 16 years 27% of the patients are\n\t\t\t symptom-free, 48% improve, 22% remain unchanged, and 3% worsen; a\n\t\t\t detailed explanation of the mechanisms that cause and the factors that provoke\n\t\t\t attacks is imperative, as well as instructions for self-controlled\n\t\t\t desensitization within the context of behavioral therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/rnn-2010-0504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T18:03:09Z","timestamp":1575396189000},"page":"69-82","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Long-term course and relapses of vestibular and balance\t\t\t disorders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Brandt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilian\r\t\t\t University, Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Integrated Center for Research and Treatment of\r\t\t\t Vertigo, Balance and Ocular Motor Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilian University,\r\t\t\t Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TDoreen","family":"Huppert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilian\r\t\t\t University, Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Integrated Center for Research and Treatment of\r\t\t\t Vertigo, Balance and Ocular Motor Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilian University,\r\t\t\t Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"H\u00fcfner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilian University,\r\t\t\t Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Integrated Center for Research and Treatment of\r\t\t\t Vertigo, Balance and Ocular Motor Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilian University,\r\t\t\t Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera C.","family":"Zingler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilian University,\r\t\t\t Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Integrated Center for Research and Treatment of\r\t\t\t Vertigo, Balance and Ocular Motor Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilian University,\r\t\t\t Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Dieterich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilian University,\r\t\t\t Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Integrated Center for Research and Treatment of\r\t\t\t Vertigo, Balance and Ocular Motor Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilian University,\r\t\t\t Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Strupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilian University,\r\t\t\t Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Integrated Center for Research and Treatment of\r\t\t\t Vertigo, Balance and Ocular Motor Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilian University,\r\t\t\t Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"container-title":["Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/RNN-2010-0504","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/RNN-2010-0504","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T04:56:23Z","timestamp":1777611383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/RNN-2010-0504"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/RNN-2010-0504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/rnn-2010-0504","relation":{},"ISSN":["0922-6028","1878-3627"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0922-6028","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-3627","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]}}}