{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T01:27:24Z","timestamp":1783474044234,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: During locomotion, head perturbations, consisting of\n\t\t\t rotations and translations (linear movements), occur with predominant\n\t\t\t frequencies of 0.5\u20135.0 Hz. The vestibular reflexes act at short latency\n\t\t\t to safeguard clear vision and stable posture during locomotion. Much is known\n\t\t\t about the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) in response to head rotations,\n\t\t\t which depend on the semicircular canals of the vestibular labyrinth. However,\n\t\t\t the means to test reliably the linear or translational vestibulo-ocular reflex\n\t\t\t (tVOR), which depends on the otolithic organs, has only become available more\n\t\t\t recently.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: We used a moving platform to translate normal human\n\t\t\t subjects vertically at frequencies similar to those occurring during\n\t\t\t locomotion, under ambient illumination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Our findings suggested that, whereas aVOR is concerned with\n\t\t\t stabilizing images of visual targets on the retina to optimize visual acuity,\n\t\t\t tVOR seems best suited to minimize retinal image motion between objects lying\n\t\t\t in different depth planes, in order to optimize motion parallax information. We\n\t\t\t then asked whether the tVOR functioned abnormally in patients with two\n\t\t\t neurological disorders that often cause falls: progressive supranuclear palsy\n\t\t\t (PSP) and cerebellar ataxia. We found that patients with PSP cannot adjust tVOR\n\t\t\t responses appropriately during viewing of near objects, nor converge their\n\t\t\t eyes. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), an otolith-spinal reflex,\n\t\t\t are also impaired in PSP patients. Patients with cerebellar ataxia also lack\n\t\t\t the ability to adjust tVOR for near viewing, even though they may be able to\n\t\t\t converge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: Taken together, our studies suggest that abnormal\n\t\t\t otolithic vestibular reflexes contribute to postural instability in PSP and\n\t\t\t cerebellar ataxia, and deserve further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/rnn-2010-0507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T18:03:13Z","timestamp":1575396193000},"page":"91-103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The linear vestibulo-ocular reflex, locomotion and falls in\t\t\t neurological disorders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ke","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, Daroff-Dell'Osso Laboratory,\r\t\t\t Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve\r\t\t\t University, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark F.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve\r\t\t\t University, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anand C.","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, Daroff-Dell'Osso Laboratory,\r\t\t\t Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve\r\t\t\t University, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Millard","family":"Reschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Laboratories, Johnson Space Center,\r\t\t\t Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Strupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. John","family":"Leigh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve\r\t\t\t University, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, Daroff-Dell'Osso Laboratory,\r\t\t\t Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve\r\t\t\t University, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"container-title":["Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/RNN-2010-0507","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/RNN-2010-0507","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T04:56:25Z","timestamp":1777611385000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/RNN-2010-0507"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/RNN-2010-0507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/rnn-2010-0507","relation":{"is-cited-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00321","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0922-6028","1878-3627"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0922-6028","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-3627","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]}}}