{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T22:43:23Z","timestamp":1779403403236,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781643686615","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Large language models (LLMs) integrated with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can enhance clinical decision support and triage. However, semantic retrieval often fails to capture the structured relationships of medical knowledge, especially in complex scenarios. This study explores the use of ontology-based knowledge graphs to improve retrieval, combining SNOMED CT and rheumatology guidelines within a graph database. Retrieval was evaluated on clinical queries using three configurations: embeddings-only, knowledge graph-only, and a hybrid approach. Results indicate that while embeddings suffice for simple cases, ontology-based knowledge graphs are crucial for complex reasoning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/shti260345","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T22:02:27Z","timestamp":1779400947000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ontology-Enriched Guidelines Retrieval for Complex Rheumatological Cases"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2887-088X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommaso Mario","family":"Buonocore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer, Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer, Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Albi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer, Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garifallia","family":"Sakellariou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Dagliati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer, Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enea","family":"Parimbelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer, Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Sacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer, Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","Opening the Personal Gate between Technology and Health Care"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/pdf\/doi\/10.3233\/SHTI260345","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T22:02:27Z","timestamp":1779400947000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/doi\/10.3233\/SHTI260345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"ISBN":["9781643686615"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/shti260345","relation":{},"ISSN":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0926-9630","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-8365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]}}}