{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T06:44:26Z","timestamp":1777963466799,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657238400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["THC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Alveolar echinococcosis is an epidemic disease caused by the parasitism of Echinococcus multilocularis (Em) larvae in the intermediate or final host. OBJECTIVE: To identify and analyze B-cell and T-cell (Th1, Th2, and Th17) epitopes of the Em antigen protein thrombospondin 3 (TSP3). METHODS: The amino acid sequence of TSP3 was obtained, and the secondary structural characteristics of TSP3 were predicted using bioinformatics software to further predict its potential T-cell and B-cell epitopes. The spleen lymphocytes of BALB\/c mice, which were immunized with the TSP3 protein, were collected for co-culture with B-cell and T-cell antigen small peptides. The B-cell epitopes and T-cell epitope subtypes Th1, Th2, and Th17 were identified as having good immunogenicity. RESULTS: After identification, it was found that the predominant epitopes of B cells existing in TSP3 were T18-33, T45-55, and T110-122. Furthermore, the predominant epitopes of T cells existing in TSP3 were T33-42, T45-55, T80-90, and T110-122 in the T1 subtype, T45-55, T68-77, and T92-104 in the Th2 subtype, and T53-63 and T80-90 in the Th17 subtype. CONCLUSIONS: Six T-cell and eight B-cell dominant epitopes of the TSP3 antigen were revealed; these results may be applied in the development of a dominant epitope vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/thc-212983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T16:47:06Z","timestamp":1642524426000},"page":"799-814","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prediction and identification of epitopes in the Echinococcus multilocularis thrombospondin 3 antigen"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ming-Quan","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China"},{"name":"Research Center for High Altitude Medical Sciences, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, Qinghai, China"},{"name":"Qinghai Provincial Research Key Laboratory for Hydatid, Xining, Qinghai, China"},{"name":"Department of 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