{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T16:25:54Z","timestamp":1787588754436,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["THC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Stainless steel crowns (SSCs), which have been used frequently in the treatment of first permanent molars in children until now, has become less applicable due to its poor aesthetic appearance. Zirconia crowns (ZCs) have become more popular due to their aesthetic advantage. However, stress transmission of ZCs to dental tissues under occlusal forces in endodontically treated teeth has not been described. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the stress distribution of different crown materials (ZCS, SSCs) and adhesive materials on dentin in endodontically treated permanent teeth and to specify the crown-adhesive model with lower stress. METHODS: Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to apply a force of 300 N from the inner part of the buccal tubercles (vertical loading) and a lingo-buccal at an angle of 30 degrees (oblique loading) of the first permanent molars (FPM) with different crown (ZCS, SSCs) and adhesive (Glass ionomer cement, Resin modified glass ionomer cement, Resin cement) materials in twelve separate models. The von Mises values obtained from the models were compared and the optimal stress values were determined by FEA. RESULTS: The lowest stress values of dentin were found in zirconia crown model with glass ionomer cement (GIC) adhesive under vertical loading (26,793 Mpa). In the zircon crown and GIC adhesive model, less von Mises stress occurred on the dentin under all conditions. CONCLUSIONS: ZCs and GIC adhesive may be recommended for teeth with a high probability of dentin fracture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/thc-213505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T12:29:02Z","timestamp":1652185742000},"page":"1199-1207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Is zirconium or stainless steel the most suitable crown material for less dentin stress in endodontically treated teeth?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Omer Faruk","family":"Guduk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Trabzon Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efe Can","family":"Sivrikaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagehan","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ozgul","family":"Baygin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamer","family":"Tuzuner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"23","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5569","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13235569","article-title":"Retrieval of prefabricated zirconia crowns with Er, Cr: YSGG laser from primary and permanent molars","volume":"13","author":"Deeb","year":"2020","journal-title":"Materials."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref2","first-page":"99","article-title":"First permanent molar: first indicator of dental caries activity in initial mixed dentition","volume":"10","author":"Noronha","year":"1999","journal-title":"Braz Dent J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1607","article-title":"Periodontal assessment of permanent molar teeth restored with stainless steel crown in terms of pocket depth, bleeding on probing, gingival color and inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Heidari","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.2014.89","article-title":"The success of stainless steel crowns placed with the Hall technique: A retrospective study","volume":"145","author":"Ludwig","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of the American Dental Association."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref6","first-page":"501","article-title":"The use of stainless steel crowns","volume":"24","author":"Seale","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatric Dentistry."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1006_19","article-title":"Evaluation of clinical success, parental and child satisfaction of stainless steel crowns and zirconia crowns in primary molars","volume":"9","author":"Mathew","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4103\/jpd.jpd_21_17","article-title":"Clinical evaluation between zirconia crowns and stainless steel crowns in primary molars teeth","volume":"5","author":"Abdulhadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Dentistry."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.4103\/ijohs.ijohs_18_17","article-title":"Finite element stress analysis of restored primary teeth: A comparative evaluation between stainless steel crowns and preformed zirconia crowns","volume":"7","author":"Prabhakar","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Oral Health Sciences."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01214-3","article-title":"Effect of different restorative crown design and materials on stress distribution in endodontically treated molars: A finite element analysis study","volume":"20","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.4103\/jnsbm.JNSBM_7_19","article-title":"Stress analysis in endodontically treated primary molar with and without stainless steel crown: A comparative finite element model study","volume":"10","author":"Hegde","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine."},{"issue":"01","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"077","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1715915","article-title":"Pediatric stainless-steel crown cementation finite element study","volume":"15","author":"Waly","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Journal of Dentistry."},{"key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.4103\/IJDS.IJDS_21_16","article-title":"Trauma from occlusion: The overstrain of the supporting structures of the teeth","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Sci."},{"key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref14","first-page":"1117","article-title":"FEM analysis of different dental root canalpost systems in young permanent teeth","volume":"9","author":"Vitale","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent."},{"key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117480","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2842.2002.00957.x","article-title":"Bite force determination in children with primary dentition","volume":"29","author":"Rentes","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2012.04.033","article-title":"Effects of cement thickness and bonding on the failure loads of CAD\/CAM ceramic crowns: Multi-physics FEA modeling and monotonic testing","volume":"28","author":"May","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dent Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-4388.160352","article-title":"Finite element stress analysis of stainless steel crowns","volume":"33","author":"Prabhakar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry."},{"key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref20","first-page":"106","article-title":"Evaluation of stainless steel crowns cemented with glass-ionomer and resin-modified glass-ionomer luting cements","volume":"19","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Dent."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13051094","article-title":"Comparison of different cervical finish lines of all-ceramic crowns on primary molars in finite element analysis","volume":"13","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Materials."},{"key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref23","first-page":"514","article-title":"Biomechanical stress analysis of mandibular first permanent molar; restored with amalgam and composite resin: A Computerized finite element study","volume":"3","author":"Musani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2004.10.001","article-title":"Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of functional stresses in different bone locations produced by implants placed in the maxillary posterior region of the sinus floor","volume":"93","author":"Koca","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(01)00057-4","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of the effect of diameter, length and number of implants supporting three-unit fixed partial prostheses on stress distribution in the bone","volume":"30","author":"\u0130plik\u00e7io\u011flu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Dentistry."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2005.04.025","article-title":"Effects of different inter-implant distances on the stress distribution around endosseous implants in posterior mandible: A 3D finite element analysis","volume":"28","author":"\u015eim\u015fek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Medical Engineering & Physics."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-5425(90)90022-F","article-title":"Automated three-dimensional finite element modelling of bone: A new method","volume":"12","author":"Keyak","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Engineering."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/THC-213505_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2005.01124.x","article-title":"Effects of splinted prosthesis supported a wide implant or two implants: A three-dimensional finite element analysis","volume":"16","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Implants Research."}],"container-title":["Technology and Health Care"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/THC-213505","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:53:55Z","timestamp":1777614835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/THC-213505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/thc-213505","relation":{},"ISSN":["0928-7329","1878-7401"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0928-7329","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-7401","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]}}}