{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:08:35Z","timestamp":1791893315064,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment &amp; Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Subjective Visual Disturbances are silent adversaries that appear over a period of continued exposure and arise when the visual demands of the tasks exceed the visual abilities of the user. Jewellery manufacturing activity involves precision designs, setting the metal and stones, polishing and filing which requires higher visual demand. Therefore, it is expected that the jewellery manufacturing workers may experience subjective visual disturbances. This study was taken up with the following objectives 1) To study the presence of subjective visual disturbances among jewellery manufacturing workers and compare the same with VDT operators 2) To study the effect of work exposures on subjective visual disturbances and 3) to ascertain whether subjective visual disturbances have any permanent vision related problems. The study was carried out on jewellery manufacturing workers, VDT operators and on graduate students. The symptoms of subjective visual disturbances were identified using a questionnaire developed by Sheedy (2003). Viewing distances were measured and visual angles were calculated. The eye check - ups were also carried out. The subjective visual disturbances were higher in jewellery manufacturing workers. The findings suggest that work exposure has an impact on the causation of subjective visual disturbances. No pathological conditions of the eyes were observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/wor-2012-0616-3404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T00:13:00Z","timestamp":1575331980000},"page":"3404-3411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A study of subjective visual disturbances in jewellery manufacturing"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Amitabha","family":"De","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE),Vihar Lake, Mumbai \u2013 400 087, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Dhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE),Vihar Lake, Mumbai \u2013 400 087, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Virkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE),Vihar Lake, Mumbai \u2013 400 087, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Altekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE),Vihar Lake, Mumbai \u2013 400 087, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE),Vihar Lake, Mumbai \u2013 400 087, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Parmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE),Vihar Lake, Mumbai \u2013 400 087, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mutakekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE),Vihar Lake, Mumbai \u2013 400 087, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rauf","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE),Vihar Lake, Mumbai \u2013 400 087, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.M.","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92 APC Road, Kolkata \u2013 700 009, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"container-title":["WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment &amp; Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/WOR-2012-0616-3404","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/WOR-2012-0616-3404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:46:35Z","timestamp":1777614395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/WOR-2012-0616-3404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/WOR-2012-0616-3404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/wor-2012-0616-3404","relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-9815","1875-9270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-9815","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}}}