{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:23:49Z","timestamp":1785407029301,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]],"date-time":"2020-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589241600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment &amp; Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Work-related health problems result in an economic loss of 4\u20136% in GDP (Gross domestic Product) of the most countries. In the industrialized countries, 1\/3rd of the health-related absence to duty are due to musculoskeletal disorders. Professional driving is one such occupation which looks like sedentary occupation, but involves many risk factors that contribute to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) due to its nature of working and work environment. This research describes the various risk factors associated with WMSDs and their effects on drivers health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the prevalence of WMSD and its associated risk factors among the bus drivers of Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC), Karnataka.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subjects considered in this study are 301 full-time bus drivers from the central division KSRTC which consists of 6 depots in Bengaluru. Information regarding reported WMSD symptoms during immediate past 7 days to 12 months, the intervention of WMSD in their day-to-day life and the overall comfort of the body are determined through Standardized Nordic Questionnaire and also by direct observation. The survey questionnaire is conducted by face to face interview.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>FINDINGS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From the statistical analysis, it is found that around 55.8% of the study population has experienced WMSD. The prevalence of WMSD is most common in the age group of 29\u201339 years (53.5%) followed by the age group of &gt;40 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, some of the work-related and lifestyle\/health-related factors show significant association with WMSD in bus drivers of Karnataka. Musculoskeletal disorders can be prevented by designing the driver\u2019s workspace ergonomically so that the design suits to all sorts of drivers and the drivers should also be trained on basics of vehicle ergonomics (posture, seat adjustments, in-vehicle controls adjustments).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>INTERPRETATION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>KSRTC should educate drivers on the basics of vehicle ergonomics, harmful use of tobacco\/alcohol, unhealthy food habits and also to involve in physical exercise at least 75\u2013150 mins weekly. If not, the trend of drivers suffering from WMSD belonging to mid-age will increase exponentially.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Statistical result and direct observation insist on undertaking further studies on ergonomic interventions at driver\u2019s cabin, lifestyle\/occupational health factors which mitigate WMSD in different parts of the body during driving.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/wor-203152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]],"date-time":"2020-05-12T13:42:10Z","timestamp":1589290930000},"page":"73-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders among occupational bus drivers of\u00a0Karnataka, South India"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Pradeepkumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VIT Chennai","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Sakthivel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VIT Chennai","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kongu Engineering College","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KarwowskiW MarrasWS. 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