{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:36:43Z","timestamp":1777891003546,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["WOR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Although using forklifts in industrial sites contributes to productivity, many workers have been injured or killed owing to industrial accidents caused by forklifts. OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed the characteristics of forklift accidents by employment type and work process, thereby identifying the factors contributing to industrial accidents and providing recommendations to prevent accidents. METHODS: Data on 1,061 industrial forklift accidents occurring in 2018 collected from the national injury insurance compensation database were analyzed. In addition to analyzing the accident characteristics, this study performed a risk assessment per forklift work process. RESULTS: Many accidents were associated with older workers, those employed for &lt;\u200a6 months, and workplaces with \u226449 workers. The risk was the highest for accidents involving caught-in objects in the loading\/unloading step and collision accidents in the forward- and backward-driving steps. CONCLUSIONS: Measures are needed to prevent industrial forklift accidents. First, forklift and worker movement routes must be strictly separated or controlled by a work supervisor. It is necessary to secure a time margin for workers to avoid collapsing cargo by using an appropriate tool\/jig during loading\/unloading. Second, guidance, inspection, and support are needed to promote employers\u2019 safety and health awareness in workplaces with &lt;\u200a50 workers. Lastly, intensive education and training concerning health and safety is required for workers with less than six months of experience.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/wor-203402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]],"date-time":"2021-02-16T12:32:45Z","timestamp":1613478765000},"page":"679-687","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Characteristics of forklift accidents in korean industrial sites"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Kwan Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Safety and Health Training Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA), 400 Jongga-ro, Jung-gu, Ulsan 44429, Korea. Tel.:+82 10 2514 1357; Fax:+82 52 703 0344; E-mail: mazindo@hanmail.net"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.35371\/kjoem.2008.20.4.351","article-title":"The status and characteristics of industrial accidents for migrant workers in Korea compared with native workers","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Korean J Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref2","first-page":"431","article-title":"A qualitative study on the psychological problems of patients with industrial accidents subjected to body damage","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Health Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.shaw.2015.12.007","article-title":"A policy intervention study to identify high-risk groups to prevent industrial accidents in Republic of Korea","volume":"7","author":"Yi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saf Health Work"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.5143\/JESK.2010.29.4.405","article-title":"Status and characteristics of occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Ergon Soc Korea"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.35371\/kjoem.2009.21.1.53","article-title":"Occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease cases evaluated by workers compensation in Korea","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Korean J Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.5124\/jkma.2009.52.5.449","article-title":"Epidemiologic characteristics of malignant mesothelioma in Korea","volume":"52","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Korean Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Costs of injuries and ill health in the workplace in South Korea","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Occup Saf Ergon"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0009.2011.00648.x","article-title":"Economic burden of occupational injury and illness in the United States","volume":"89","author":"Leigh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Milbank Q"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref13","unstructured":"Loke YY , Tan WJ , Manickam K , Heng P , Tjong C , Lim GK , Takala J . Economic cost of work-related injuries and ill-health in Singapore. Singapore: WSH Institute; 2013."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.14346\/JKOSOS.2013.28.4.091","article-title":"A study on safety improvement of forklift truck","volume":"28","author":"Chae","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Saf"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref15","first-page":"40","article-title":"Forklift operator training: what OSHA\u2019s new rules require you to do","volume":"54","author":"Feare","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mod Mater Handl"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2004.05.004","article-title":"Forklift safety, traffic engineering and intelligent transport systems: a case study","volume":"35","author":"Horberry","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref17","first-page":"18","article-title":"Forklift safety by design","volume":"33","author":"Miller","year":"1988","journal-title":"Prof Saf"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199911)36:5<513::AID-AJIM3>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Injuries related to forklifts and other powered industrial vehicles in automobile manufacturing","volume":"36","author":"Collins","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-7535(94)90029-9","article-title":"Forklift trucks\u2014analysis of severe and fatal occupational injuries, critical incidents and priorities for prevention","volume":"17","author":"Larsson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Saf Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-6870(01)00052-7","article-title":"Analysis of interaction quality in human\u2013machine systems: applications for forklifts","volume":"33","author":"Solman","year":"2002","journal-title":"App Ergon"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2017.07.006","article-title":"Numerical analysis of passive safety systems in forklift trucks","volume":"101","author":"Milanowicz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saf Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1080\/13588265.2015.1015362","article-title":"Use of a modified HYBRID III 50th dummy to estimate the effectiveness of market restraint systems for forklift truck drivers","volume":"20","author":"Rebelle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Crashworthiness"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref24","unstructured":"Rebelle J . Design of an airbag system to prevent the ejection of forklift truck drivers in case of tip-over. In Proceedings, IRCOBI Conference. 2012;1673\u201393."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1002\/hfm.20680","article-title":"Occupational injuries and deaths in domestic waste collecting process","volume":"26","author":"Jeong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Factors Man"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref26","first-page":"1","article-title":"Human errors and occupational injuries of older female workers in residential healthcare facilities for the elderly","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Occup Saf Ergon"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1002\/hfm.20737","article-title":"Occupational injuries and risk assessment of apartment guards work","volume":"28","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Factors Man"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1080\/10803548.2016.1198081","article-title":"Occupational injuries and sick leaves in household moving works","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Occup Saf Ergon"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2011.06.004","article-title":"Fatal workplace accidents in outsourced operations in the manufacturing industry","volume":"49","author":"Nenonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Saf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-232X.1995.tb00359.x","article-title":"Job safety and contract workers in the petrochemical industry","volume":"34","author":"Rebitzer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.5465\/amp.2009.37008003","article-title":"Temporary Help Agencies and the Making of a New Employment Practice","volume":"23","author":"Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acad Manag Perspect"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.7202\/1006345ar","article-title":"How precarious employment affects health and safety at work: the case of temporary agency workers","volume":"66","author":"Underhill","year":"2011","journal-title":"Relations Industrielles\/Industrial Relations"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1108\/01425450610661243","article-title":"The OHS regulatory challenges posed by agency workers: evidence from Australia","volume":"28","author":"Johnstone","year":"2006","journal-title":"Employee Relat"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-7535(97)00014-3","article-title":"The effects of subcontracting\/outsourcing on occupational health and safety: survey evidence from four Australian industries","volume":"25","author":"Mayhew","year":"1997","journal-title":"Saf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref36","first-page":"55","article-title":"Human resource strategies and contingent workers: The case of safety and health in the petrochemical industry","volume":"33","author":"Kochan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Human Res Manage"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref37","first-page":"95","article-title":"Study on the employment of middle-aged people and the mandatory retirement age system","volume":"15","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Labor Law Rev"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref38","first-page":"60","article-title":"Characteristics of non-regular workers in 2013 through additional surveys by work type","author":"Jung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Labor Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.5143\/JESK.2004.23.4.023","article-title":"A study on the structural analysis for fatal industrial accidents using multivariate analysis methods","volume":"23","author":"Im","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Ergon Soc Korea"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-203402_ref40","first-page":"33","article-title":"Astudy on the status of occupational accidents and its improvement in small-scale business sites","volume":"4","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Legal Theor Pract Rev"}],"container-title":["Work"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/WOR-203402","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:51:38Z","timestamp":1777614698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/WOR-203402"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/wor-203402","relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-9815","1875-9270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-9815","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]]}}}