{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:36:52Z","timestamp":1777891012737,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["WOR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: COVID-19 increased psychological and physical complaints, including anxiety, depression, and pain. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine anxiety, depression, and musculoskeletal complaints that may occur in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Data were cross-sectional, collected by the online questionnaire method consisted of demographic questions, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Nordic Musculoskeletal System Query (NMQ), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). RESULTS: Among the groups, the number of doctors in the frontline group, the fear of being infected, the number of tests performed, and personal protective equipment were higher than the second-line group (p\u200a&lt;\u200a0.05). It was found that 73.4% of the participants had anxiety, 83.5% had depression, and 94.9% had musculoskeletal pain. It was observed that there was no statistically significant difference between the applied scale scores between the groups (p\u200a&gt;\u200a0.05). About musculoskeletal system complaints of the participants, neck pain presence was determined as 73.4% in the last 12 months, and upper back pain was the highest with 61.4% in the last week. Neck (p\u200a&lt;\u200a0.005) and upper back pain (p\u200a=\u200a0.04) parameters in the last seven days of the NMQ scale applied to the participants were found to be statistically significantly higher in the contact group. CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety, depression, and musculoskeletal pain of healthcare workers were found to be high. While neck and back pain was the most common in musculoskeletal complaints, it was found that these pains were higher in the frontline group. In this regard, healthcare professionals can be given psychological support and exercise training.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/wor-205014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T13:58:33Z","timestamp":1621346313000},"page":"47-54","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["The effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on anxiety, depression, and musculoskeletal system complaints in healthcare workers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8104-4985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammed","family":"Arca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences, Diyarbak\u0131r Gazi Ya\u015fargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbak\u0131r, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7171-1374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00fcleyman","family":"D\u00f6nmezdil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Diyarbak\u0131r Gazi Ya\u015fargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbak\u0131r, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5670-8890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elif Dilara","family":"Durmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences, Diyarbak\u0131r Gazi Ya\u015fargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbak\u0131r, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2020-106567"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.771"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000183","article-title":"Risks to healthcare workers with emerging diseases: lessons from MERS-CoV, Ebola, SARS, and avian flu","volume":"28","author":"Suwantarat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30073-0","article-title":"Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic","volume":"7","author":"Duan","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-010-0565-8","article-title":"The prevalence and incidence of musculoskeletal symptoms among hospital physicians: a systematic review","volume":"84","author":"Hengel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.4274\/npa.y6308","article-title":"Validity and reliability study for the Turkish adaptation of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale","volume":"50","author":"Konkan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Archives of Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737","article-title":"Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders. Patient Health Questionnaire","volume":"282","author":"Spitzer","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-6870(87)90010-X","article-title":"Standardised Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms","volume":"18","author":"Kurinka","year":"1987","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2015.1114034","article-title":"The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire: Cross-Cultural Adaptation Into Turkish Assessing Its Psychometric Properties","volume":"38","author":"Kahraman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Disability and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(88)90035-6","article-title":"Velten and Music Mood Induction Procedures: A Comparision With Accessibility of Thought Associations","volume":"26","author":"Albersnagel","year":"1988","journal-title":"Behavioral Research and Theory"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/archcid.102848"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e185","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.10185","article-title":"Mental Health Outcomes Among Frontline and Second-Line Health Care Workers During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Italy","volume":"3","author":"Rossi","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.02.19.20025395"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref18","first-page":"28","article-title":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"1","author":"JOHN","year":"2012","journal-title":"MJA Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e203976","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976","article-title":"Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"3","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA network open"},{"issue":"10053","key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31678-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","author":"Vos","year":"2016","journal-title":"The lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17681\/hsp.77225","article-title":"Hem\u015firelerde Kas. \u0130skelet A\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi [Assessment of Musculoskeletal Pain in Nurses]","volume":"1","author":"G\u00fcl","year":"2014","journal-title":"HSP"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-203094"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.8382"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.4103\/1995-7645.280396","article-title":"Knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 among healthcare workers at District 2 Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City","volume":"13","author":"Huynh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29655","DOI":"10.17795\/nmsjournal29655","article-title":"Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction on anxiety, depression and stress in women with multiple sclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Kolahkaj","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nurs Midwifery Stud"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-205014_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dav\u0131son C , Cotrim TP , Gon\u00e7alves S . Perception of Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Psychosocial Risk Factors Among a Sample of Portuguese Emergency Medical Technicians. In: International Conference on Healthcare Ergonomics and Patient Safety. Springer, Cham. 2019;46\u201355.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-24067-7_6"}],"container-title":["Work"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/WOR-205014","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:51:49Z","timestamp":1777614709000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/WOR-205014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/wor-205014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-9815","1875-9270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-9815","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]}}}