{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:37:38Z","timestamp":1777891058402,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["WOR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Workplace safety is a necessary and frequent topic of discussion for researchers, employers, and workers. It is estimated that annual losses caused by work-related injuries cost the United States $140 to $145 billion. Specifically, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) have risen from just over 10% to 50% of the total claims from 1952 to 1996, accounting for more than 345,00 days lost and more than $57 million in WSIB costs in 2015. Novel approaches to managing WMSDs, such as Active Release Techniques\u00ae, need to be explored to ensure the ongoing health of workers. OBJECTIVE: This descriptive study provides the details of the 697,002 onsite treatments across 448 sites in North America between 2014\u20132018 provided by Active Release Techniques\u00ae Corporate Solutions (ARTCS) practitioners. The objective was to calculate the total number of treatments, cost per closed case, percent improvement, and the number of cases referred to worker\u2019s compensation. METHODS: All charting was done on the ARTCS EMR portal. The lead author was given a spreadsheet of the results sanitized of all identifying data in order to perform the aforementioned calculations. RESULTS: From 2014 to 2018, ARTCS providers opened 199,077 new cases, with an average cost to the employer of $306.69 USD per case and an average percent improvement in pain (VNPS) of 87.2%. The most frequently treated areas were the shoulder (32,574 cases), hip (6,633 cases), and low back (27,873 cases), respectively. A total of 48,946 cases were work-related pain\/discomfort, of which 1,110 (2.27%) went on to worker\u2019s compensation. CONCLUSION: ARTCS in the workplace has shown a positive trend in terms of reducing pain intensity. The cost was low as compared to worker\u2019s compensation claims, as was the rate of cases (2.27%) referred to worker\u2019s compensation. Additional studies, including prospective data collection and a control group, are warranted to substantiate this.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/wor-210030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]],"date-time":"2022-08-05T11:24:48Z","timestamp":1659698688000},"page":"611-620","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Utilization rates of Active Release Techniques\u00ae in the workplace: A descriptive study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Jason","family":"Pajaczkowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, 6100 Leslie Street, Toronto M2H 3J1, ON, Canada. E-mail: jpajaczkowski@cmcc.ca"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440350063006","article-title":"Occupational injury and illness in the United States: estimates of costs, morbidity, and mortality","volume":"157","author":"Leigh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(95)00022-4","article-title":"Estimating the costs of occupational injury in the United States","volume":"27","author":"Miller","year":"1995","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sengupta I , Reno V , Burton JF Workers\u2019 compensation benefits, coverage, and costs, 2006. Washington (DC): National Academy of Social Insurance; 2008.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1593072"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref4","unstructured":"National Security Council website. https:\/\/injuryfacts.nsc.org\/work\/costs\/work-injury-costs\/"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref5","unstructured":"Ostry A . From Chainsaws to Keyboards: Injury and Industrial Disease in British Columbia In Sullivan T, Injury and the New World of Work, UBC Press, 2000."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-2009-0912","article-title":"FAST ERGO_X \u2013 a tool for ergonomic auditing and work-related musculoskeletal disorders prevention","volume":"34","author":"Nunes","year":"2009","journal-title":"WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment, & Rehabilitation"},{"key":"#cr-split#-10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref8.1","unstructured":"MSD Prevention Guide for Ontario [last updated 2007 February"},{"key":"#cr-split#-10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref8.2","unstructured":"cited 2020 July 3]. https:\/\/www.ohcow.on.ca\/edit\/files\/workbooks\/MSD_Guideline_Part_1.pdf"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref9","unstructured":"Musculoskeletal Disorders and Workplace Factors: A Critical Review of Epidemiologic Evidence for Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Neck, Upper Extremity, and Low Back. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. July 1997."},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref10","unstructured":"CWCI [1993]. Report on CTDs. San Francisco, CA: California Workers\u2019 Compensation Institute."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199405001-00001","article-title":"The cost of workers\u2019 compensation low back pain claims","volume":"19","author":"Webster","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref12","first-page":"713","article-title":"The cost of compensable upper extremity cumulative trauma disorders","volume":"36","author":"Webster","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Occup Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ajp.0000169668.62900.ca","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of chronic back pain by acupuncturists, chiropractors, and massage therapists","volume":"22","author":"Sherman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref14","first-page":"6","article-title":"Improved treatments for carpal tunnel and related syndromes","volume":"9","author":"Leahy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chiropr Sports Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2005.01121.x","article-title":"Pain: A review of three commonly used pain rating scales","volume":"14","author":"Williamson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3928\/21650799-20140804-01","article-title":"A critical review of physiotherapy as a clinical service in occupational health departments","volume":"62","author":"Chetty","year":"2014","journal-title":"Workplace Health Saf"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzx101","article-title":"Workplace-based interventions for neck pain in office workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"98","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2012.04089.x","article-title":"Treatment and ergonomics training of work-related lower back pain and body posture problems for nurses","volume":"21","author":"Jaromi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.12965\/jer.1836636.318","article-title":"Management of work-related musculoskeletal injuries in an occupational health setting: the role of the physical therapist","volume":"15","author":"Prall","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Exerc Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210030_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-012-9391-z","article-title":"Workplace rehabilitation and supportive conditions at work: a prospective study","volume":"23","author":"Ahlstrom","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"}],"container-title":["Work"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/WOR-210030","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:53:03Z","timestamp":1777614783000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/WOR-210030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/wor-210030","relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-9815","1875-9270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-9815","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]}}}