{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:38:01Z","timestamp":1777891081106,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["WOR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Technological progress improves health care efficiency, quality, safety, and cost, supporting clinical activity in various scenarios, such as Intensive Care Unit (ICU). A timely response to alarms from monitors and other ICU electromedical devices is therefore crucial. The number of false alarms tend to desensitize care providers increasing the risk of experiencing alarm fatigue and, at times, lead to severe consequences for patients. OBJECTIVES: To assess the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Alarm Fatigue Questionnaire and to explore the phenomenon of alarm fatigue among nurses working in intensive care settings. METHODS: The CVI-I was calculated to evaluate the validity of the content of the tool. Construct validity was investigated through exploratory factor analysis. Cronbach\u2019s alpha coefficient (\u03b1) was used to examine the internal consistency of the scale and Spearman\u2019s rho coefficient to test for stability. We designed a multicentre cross-sectional survey. A convenience sample of nurses from 4 Major Italian hospitals was recruited. The nurses completed the Italian version of the Alarm Fatigue Questionnaire. RESULTS: The content validity index CVI-S of the scale (CVI-S) was 91.11%; Cronbach\u2019s alpha coefficient was 0.71. The Italian version of the tool explained 67.18%of the overall variance. 396 nurses were enrolled (79.84%). The overall level of alarm fatigue was Me\u200a=\u200a29 [22;30]. 42.17%of the sample reported prior experience with alarm fatigue incidents. CONCLUSIONS: The extension of alarm fatigue requires the adoption of a preventive intervention plan. The Italian version of the Alarm Fatigue Questionnaire shows promising psychometric properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/wor-210552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T11:34:55Z","timestamp":1651836895000},"page":"651-656","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Alarm fatigue in nurses working in intensive care units: A multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Lara","family":"Carelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Bachelor School of Nursing, San Paolo Teaching Hospital, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Terzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Bachelor School of Nursing, San Paolo Teaching Hospital, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Destrebecq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Formenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, San Paolo Teaching Hospital, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatime","family":"Soumahoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Paolo Teaching Hospital, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FatebeneFratelli Teaching Hospital, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Ferrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Bachelor School of Nursing, San Paolo Teaching Hospital, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2019.28.3.193","article-title":"The perception of clinical risk among students of different health professions: a multicentre study","volume":"28","author":"Castello","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Nurs"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Changes in Default Alarm Settings and Standard In-Service are Insufficient to Improve Alarm Fatigue in an Intensive Care Unit: A Pilot Project","author":"Sowan","year":"2016","journal-title":"JMIR Hum. Factors"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1515\/bmt-2014-0068","article-title":"A human factors perspective on medical device alarms: problems with operating alarming devices and responding to device alarms","volume":"61","author":"Lange","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed Tech (Berl)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NPR.0000544279.20257.4b","article-title":"Too many medication alerts: How alarm frequency affects providers","volume":"43","author":"Fant","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nurse Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1097\/NCQ.0000000000000335","article-title":"False Alarms and Overmonitoring: Major Factors in Alarm Fatigue Among Labor Nurses","volume":"34","author":"Simpson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nurs Care Qual"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19091","DOI":"10.2196\/19091","article-title":"Improvements in Patient Monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit: Survey Study","volume":"22","author":"Poncette","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.4258\/hir.2016.22.1.46","article-title":"Clinical Alarms in Intensive Care Units: Perceived Obstacles of Alarm Management and Alarm Fatigue in Nurses","volume":"22","author":"Cho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Healthc Inform Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/DCC.0000000000000357","article-title":"Research Outcomes of Implementing CEASE: An Innovative, Nurse-Driven, Evidence-Based, Patient-Customized Monitoring Bundle to Decrease Alarm Fatigue in the Intensive Care Unit\/Step-down Unit","volume":"38","author":"Lewis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dimens Crit Care Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.2196\/humanfactors.4196","article-title":"Nurses\u2019 Perceptions and Practices Toward Clinical Alarms in a Transplant Cardiac Intensive Care Unit: Exploring Key Issues Leading to Alarm Fatigue","volume":"2","author":"Sowan","year":"2015","journal-title":"JMIR Hum Factors. 16"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-019-1337-y","article-title":"Decision Tree Predictive Learner-Based Approach for False Alarm Detection in ICU","volume":"43","author":"Manna","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Syst"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102845","article-title":"Nurses\u2019 responses to monitor alarms in an intensive care unit: An observational study","volume":"59","author":"Dursun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref13","first-page":"107","article-title":"Alarm Fatigue: Causes and Effects","volume":"243","author":"Wilken","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2017.05.005","article-title":"Alarm Safety and Alarm Fatigue","volume":"44","author":"Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"issue":"21-22","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4203","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15452","volume":"29","author":"Bi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.9790\/1959-0602076266","article-title":"Nurses \u2019Attitudes Related To Alarm Fatigue in Critical Care Units: A Nurses \u2019 Attitudes Related To Alarm Fatigue in Critical Care Units: A Systematic Review","volume":"6","author":"Salous","year":"2017","journal-title":"IOSR-JNHS"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3917\/rsi.140.0057","article-title":"Facteurs influen\u00e7ant la d\u00e9cision del\u2019infirmi\u00e8re de r\u00e9gler et moduler les param\u00e8tresd\u2019alarmes des instruments de monitorage aux soins intensifs: unerevue int\u00e9grative de la litt\u00e9rature","volume":"140","author":"Milhomme","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rech Soins Infirm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/DCC.0000000000000220","article-title":"Assessment of Clinical Alarms Influencing Nurses\u2019 Perceptions of Alarm Fatigue","volume":"36","author":"Petersen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dimens Crit Care Nurs"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref19","unstructured":"Joint Commission. 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Appraisal and recommendations","volume":"30","author":"Polit","year":"2007","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8409","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17228409","article-title":"Impact of Alarm Fatigue on the Work of Nurses inan Intensive Care Environment-A Systematic Review","volume":"17","author":"Lewandowska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ ResPublic Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enfi.2019.11.002","article-title":"AlarmFatigue in the Intensive Care Unit: Relevance and Response Time","volume":"31","author":"Andrade-M\u00e9ndez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Enferm Intensiva"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15555","article-title":"The relationships among alarm fatigue, compassion fatigue, burnout and compassion satisfaction in critical care and step-down nurses","volume":"30","author":"Storm","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/WOR-210552_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733019834976","article-title":"Moral distress in correctional nurses: A national survey","volume":"27","author":"Lazzari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nurs Ethics"}],"container-title":["Work"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/WOR-210552","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:53:37Z","timestamp":1777614817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/WOR-210552"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/wor-210552","relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-9815","1875-9270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-9815","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]}}}