{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:38:28Z","timestamp":1777891108920,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"s1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["WOR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Ophthalmic surgeons experience high levels of physical strain in the neck, lower back, and buttocks. While ergonomic interventions may help to solve these problems, only a few studies have reported chair designs for ophthalmic microsurgery. OBJECTIVE: To design a chair that reduces the physical strain on surgeons and examine its effectiveness in improving posture and reducing seat pressure. METHODS: A prototype chair with a three-dimensional seat surface and a sliding adjustment mechanism for the backrest was designed to fit the surgeon\u2019s body. A conventional chair (A) and the prototype chair (B) were compared during microsurgeries performed by five surgeons. Seat pressure was measured using a pressure-sensing device, and the pelvic tilt angle was measured using a gyroscope sensor. RESULTS: A paired t-test indicated significant differences between the chairs: average seat pressure was 70.4\u00b112.7 mmHg for A and 40.5\u00b13.8 mmHg for B (p\u200a=\u200a0.008); the maximum seat pressure was 242.2\u00b119.7 mmHg for A and 170.5\u00b138.5 mmHg for B (p\u200a=\u200a0.024); contact area was 906.1\u00b1114.5 cm2 for A and 1,255.9\u00b160.1 cm2 for B (p\u200a&lt;\u200a0.001); and relative value of the pelvic tilt angle was \u201313.7\u00b0\u00b13.7\u00b0 for A and \u20137.1\u00b0\u00b14.9\u00b0 for B (p\u200a=\u200a0.032). CONCLUSIONS: The prototype chair was associated with lower seat pressure and maintenance of a more neutral posture than the conventional chair, indicating that it may help to reduce physical strain in ophthalmic surgeons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/wor-211117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T14:37:20Z","timestamp":1663943840000},"page":"S45-S55","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of a chair for ophthalmic microsurgery on pressure distribution and pelvic tilt in surgeons"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Hideki","family":"Oyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akihisa","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"Johseigaoka Eye Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Togami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Department, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kageyu","family":"Noro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"ErgoSeating Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2011.06.006","article-title":"Application of Zen sitting principles to microscopic surgery seating","volume":"43","author":"Noro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.06.091","article-title":"Symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders in ophthalmologists","volume":"139","author":"Dhimitri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-015-0036-z","article-title":"National survey of back & neck pain amongst consultant ophthalmologists in the United Kingdom","volume":"35","author":"Hyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.5693\/djo.01.2020.02.001","article-title":"Survey of musculoskeletal disorders among US ophthalmologists","volume":"26","author":"Schechet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Digit J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.09.001","article-title":"Ergonomics: Back to the future","volume":"119","author":"Marx","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2016.12.006","article-title":"The impact of intraoperative microbreaks with exercises on surgeons: A multi-center cohort study","volume":"60","author":"Hallbeck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-182772","article-title":"Evidence-based intraoperative microbreak activities for reducing musculoskeletal injuries in the operating room","volume":"60","author":"Coleman Wood","year":"2018","journal-title":"Work"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-008-0042-6","article-title":"Ergonomic assessment of neck posture in the minimally invasive surgery suite during laparoscopic cholecystectomy","volume":"22","author":"van Det","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2018.03.016","article-title":"Surgeons\u2019 muscle load during robotic-assisted laparoscopy performed with a regular office chair and the preferred of two ergonomic chairs: A pilot study","volume":"78","author":"Dalagera","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-213604","article-title":"A possible revival of population-representing digital human manikins in static work situations - 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IV. Studies on a car driver\u2019s seat","volume":"6","author":"Andersson","year":"1974","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref41","unstructured":"Grandjean E . Fitting the task to the man: A textbook of occupational ergonomics. 4th ed. Oxford: Taylor & Francis; 1988, pp. 52\u201365."},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-74611-7_56","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021)","author":"Oyama","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref44","unstructured":"Research Institute of Human Engineering for Quality Life. Japanese body size data book 2004\u20132006. Osaka: Research Institute of Human Engineering for Quality Life; 2011."},{"key":"10.3233\/WOR-211117_ref45","unstructured":"Cohen J . Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, Publishers; 1988."}],"container-title":["Work"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/WOR-211117","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:54:23Z","timestamp":1777614863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/WOR-211117"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"s1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/wor-211117","relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-9815","1875-9270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-9815","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]]}}}