{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:42:01Z","timestamp":1777891321332,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment &amp; Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for Lifting is a manual material handling (MMH) assessment method to identify weight limits that nearly all workers may be exposed to without developing work-related low back disorders (LBD). However, this assessment method only applies to lifting with the torso within 30\u00b0 asymmetry of the sagittal plane.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Estimate TLV weight limits while lifting with torso asymmetry greater than 30\u00b0 beyond the sagittal plane.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lifting tasks were performed from various horizontal and vertical locations, at torso asymmetry angles of 0\u00b0, 15\u00b0, 30\u00b0, 45\u00b0, 60\u00b0, 75\u00b0 and 90\u00b0, using ACGIH identified TLVs. Validated MMH assessment methods (NIOSH Lifting Equation, Ohio State University LBD Risk Model) were utilized to estimate TLVs at torso asymmetries greater than 30\u00b0.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current ACGIH TLVs resulted in low- to moderate-risk risk levels for torso asymmetries from 0\u00b0 to 30\u00b0, and the risk incrementally increased as torso asymmetry increased to 90\u00b0. With the intention to keep the risk levels to that found at 30\u00b0 torso asymmetry, lower TLV weight limits in the vertical and horizontal zones investigated were estimated for torso asymmetries from 45\u00b0 to 90\u00b0. The resulting adjusted TLVs were consistent with weight limits identified for similar lifting conditions from other assessment methods that account for torso asymmetry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This research found current ACGIH-defined TLVs possess less than high-risk for LBD, and provided guidance to practitioners for reduced TLVs when torso asymmetry is greater than 30\u00b0 from the sagittal plane.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/wor-230405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T10:55:00Z","timestamp":1706871300000},"page":"253-266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The ACGIH TLV for lifting: Estimated TLVs for torso asymmetry beyond 30 degrees"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2441-4825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Jorgensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wichita State University","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Hafez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Jeddah","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nils A.","family":"Hakansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wichita State University","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204428"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2594-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Bureau of Labor Statistics 2022 Nonfatal Occupational Injuries and Illnesses Requiring Days away from Work Bureau of Labor Statistics U.S. Department of Labor Washington DC."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.16885"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2007.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DunningKK DavisKG CookC KotowskiSE HamrickC JewellG LockeyJ. 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