{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:42:40Z","timestamp":1777891360435,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment &amp; Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The high unemployment rate among people with disabilities (PWDs) can be attributed to barriers found in the work environment and demands of the job itself. Given the lack of comprehensive tools to identify these barriers, we developed the Employment Barriers Questionnaire (EBQ).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to develop and examine the EBQ\u2019s reliability and validity for detecting employment barriers and possible modifications to overcome them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two stages were conducted: stage I was a cross-sectional design. Stage II included a cross-sectional and prospective design. Thirty-nine people with physical disabilities (mean age 47.21\u00b110.78 years) were recruited, 51% of which were employed during data collection. During stage I, we developed a first version of the EBQ (EBQ.I) and evaluated its internal reliability. The EBQ.I was filled twice, one week apart to assess test-re-test reliability. Predictive validity was tested using a regression model to predict the employment status of stage II based on EBQ.I\u2019s results from stage I. In stage II, we generated a second version (EBQ.II) and tested its internal-reliability and known-groups validity, by comparing the EBQ.II\u2019s results between employed and unemployed subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results showed that the EBQ.II has a high internal-reliability (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u200a0.79\u20130.97) and a medium-large known-groups validity (\u20133.95\u2264Z\u2264\u20132.26,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u200a&lt;\u200a0.05). Additionally, the EBQ.I has a high test re-test reliability (ICC\u200a=\u200a0.85\u20130.94,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u200a&lt;\u200a0.001) and predictive validity (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u200a0.861,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u200a=\u200a0.033).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study has illustrated that the EBQ.II is a unique, reliable and valid tool for identifying employment barriers and modifications to address them, expected to improve vocational rehabilitation efforts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/wor-230736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T10:59:36Z","timestamp":1717153176000},"page":"1255-1267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Employment barriers questionnaire: Development and determination of its reliability and validity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Tal","family":"Starik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chaim Sheba Medical Center","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Chaim Sheba Medical Center","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Tel Aviv University","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tel Aviv University","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabi","family":"Zeilig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chaim Sheba Medical Center","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Tel Aviv University","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chaim Sheba Medical Center","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Navah Z.","family":"Ratzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tel Aviv University","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40141-020-00266-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41393-017-0006-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","unstructured":"European Commission [Internet]. 2021. 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