{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:44:53Z","timestamp":1777891493264,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology: Clinical Applications of Diagnosis and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n To demonstrate the value of optimizing non-contrast head imaging tasks by using the multiple virtual monochromatic spectral imaging (VMSI) sets in dual-energy spectral computed tomography (CT) and determine the optimal energy levels for various tasks in imaging head.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n This retrospective study includes 55 patients (29 women and 26 men, average age of 54.5\u00b112.3years) who underwent non-contrast head CT in spectral imaging mode. For each patient, 21 VMSI sets from 40 to 140\u200akeV at 5\u200akeV intervals and 120\u200akVp-like image were reconstructed. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between GM and WM, subcalvarial artifact index (SAI) and posterior fossa artifact index (PFAI) were measured by placing regions-of-interest (ROIs) in nine areas of the brain. Two radiologists subjectively rated the image quality in terms of GM-WM differentiation, beam hardening artifacts in the subcalvarial space, and posterior fossa. The overall image noise was evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale. Measurement data were then statistically analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n The optimal energy level for viewing the supratentorial brain and reducing beam hardening artifacts in the subcalvarial space and posterior fossa was 65\u200akeV and 75\u200akeV, respectively. All corresponding measurements at these energy levels were significantly better than those measured at other energy levels (all P\u200a<\u200a0.05).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n Dual-energy spectral CT imaging provides a set of virtual monochromatic spectral imaging and can be selected on-demand to optimize the imaging tasks in non-contrast head CT. VMSI reconstruction of dual-energy unenhanced head CT scans at 65\u201375\u200akeV enables to maximize image quality.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/xst-190617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T11:25:03Z","timestamp":1582629903000},"page":"345-356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Optimize non-contrast head CT imaging tasks using multiple virtual monochromatic image sets in dual-energy spectral CT"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Xiaohu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhijie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CT Research Center, GE Healthcare China, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongqiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.08.014"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2012.10.001"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60151-2"},{"key":"ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000069"},{"key":"ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.148.1.6856849"},{"key":"ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.246045065"},{"key":"ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.12.9116"},{"key":"ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0b013e31824c86a3"},{"key":"ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000306"},{"key":"ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12111604"},{"key":"ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/XST-140444"},{"key":"ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2013.01.010"},{"key":"ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2012.11.022"},{"key":"ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198701000-00029"},{"key":"ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/42\/2\/009"},{"key":"ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e3182058d5c"},{"key":"ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/XST-17325"},{"key":"ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000367"},{"key":"ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199105000-00007"},{"key":"ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2014.07.012"},{"key":"ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11100978"},{"key":"ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2017.11.002"},{"key":"ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.175.5.1751361"},{"key":"ref024","first-page":"1017","volume":"274","author":"Hacke W.","year":"1995","journal-title":"The European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS), JAMA"},{"key":"ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2016-012528"}],"container-title":["Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology: Clinical Applications of Diagnosis and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/XST-190617","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/XST-190617","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/XST-190617","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T06:05:03Z","timestamp":1777615503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/XST-190617"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/XST-190617"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/xst-190617","relation":{},"ISSN":["0895-3996","1095-9114"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0895-3996","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9114","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]}}}