{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:46:35Z","timestamp":1777891595473,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]],"date-time":"2020-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591660800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology: Clinical Applications of Diagnosis and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Meningioma is among the most common primary tumors of the brain. The firmness of Meningioma is a critical factor that influences operative strategy and patient counseling. Conventional methods to predict the tumor firmness rely on the correlation between the consistency of Meningioma and their preoperative MRI findings such as the signal intensity ratio between the tumor and the normal grey matter of the brain. Machine learning techniques have not been investigated yet to address the Meningioma firmness detection problem. The main purpose of this research is to couple supervised learning algorithms with typical descriptors for developing a computer-aided detection (CAD) of the Meningioma tumor firmness in MRI images. Specifically, Local Binary Patterns (LBP), Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) are extracted from real labeled MRI-T2 weighted images and fed into classifiers, namely support vector machine (SVM) and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm to learn association between the visual properties of the region of interest and the pre-defined firm and soft classes. The learned model is then used to classify unlabeled MRI-T2 weighted images. This paper represents a baseline comparison of different features used in CAD system that intends to accurately recognize the Meningioma tumor firmness. The proposed system was implemented and assessed using a clinical dataset. Using LBP feature yielded the best performance with 95% of F-score, 87% of balanced accuracy and 0.87 of the area under ROC curve (AUC) when coupled with KNN classifier, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/xst-200644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]],"date-time":"2020-06-09T14:04:53Z","timestamp":1591711493000},"page":"659-682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Automatic detection of the meningioma tumor firmness in MRI images"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Atheer","family":"AlKubeyyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Maher","family":"Ben Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ouiem","family":"Bchir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Metab","family":"Alkubeyyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, King Khalid University Hospital., King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.1993.tb00752.x"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.12.039"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.7.JNS131644"},{"key":"ref004","unstructured":"Staff, \u201cMeningioma,\u201d Mayo Clinic, 09 March 2018. 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