{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T22:45:40Z","timestamp":1775861140238,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]],"date-time":"2019-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548115200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Adipose tissue dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. However, the involvement of adipokines, particularly adiponectin, remains unclear. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p> To compare serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of adiponectin, leptin and leptin-to-adiponectin ratio in patients within the spectrum of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and evaluate their relationship with classical biomarkers and their value as markers of progression. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n\u200a=\u200a71) and Alzheimer\u2019s dementia (AD, n\u200a=\u200a53) subjects were consecutively recruited for serum and CSF adiponectin and leptin determination using an analytically validated commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlations were explored using adjusted Spearman\u2019s correlation coefficients. A logistic regression model and ROC analysis were performed to evaluate the staging predictive value of adipokines. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Serum adiponectin was 33% higher in AD when compared to MCI patients. Adiponectin CSF levels, similar in both groups, were positively correlated with A \u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub> and cognitive function, though only in women. The area under the ROC curve was 0.673 (95% CI:0.57-0.78) for serum adiponectin as predictor of dementia stage and the cut-off 10.85 \u03bcg\/ml maximized the sum of specificity (87%) and sensitivity (44%). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Although longitudinal studies are required, we hypothesize that higher serum adiponectin in AD patients constitutes a strategy to compensate possible central signaling defects. In addition, adiponectin might be specifically assigned to neuroprotective functions in women and eventually involved in the female-biased incidence of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-180669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]],"date-time":"2019-01-22T23:37:41Z","timestamp":1548200261000},"page":"725-735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Association between Adipokines and Biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Liliana","family":"Letra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Researh (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Matafome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Researh (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Researh (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Duro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Lemos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Baldeiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 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