{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:41:52Z","timestamp":1765233712394,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]],"date-time":"2024-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706918400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> A possible genetic contribution of dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) to cognitive impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) has yet to be investigated. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p> To explore the effects of rs6280 (Ser9Gly) genotype on PD patients\u2019 cognitive performance and to clarify possible interactions with psychopathology. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Two hundred and fifty-three consecutive PD patients underwent neurological and neuropsychological evaluations, which included: Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn &amp; Yahr scale (H&amp;Y), Dementia Rating Scale-2 (DRS-2), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). rs6280 polymorphism was genotyped for all PD patients and for 270 ethnically matched healthy volunteers (HC). Non-parametric group comparisons and logistic regressions were used for data analyses. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> rs6280 genotype did not differ between PD and HC groups. PD patients with rs6280 CC genotype had more impaired cognitive performance (i.e., &lt;1st percentile of demographically adjusted norms) on DRS-2 subscales Initiation\/Perseveration and Construction than those with TT genotype. These associations remained statistically significant when other covariates (e.g., demographic features, disease duration, severity of motor symptoms in OFF and ON states, anti-parkinsonian medication, and psychopathology symptoms) were taken into consideration. PD patients with rs6280 TC had less anxiety (i.e., HADS Anxiety\u226511) than those with TT ( p\u200a=\u200a0.012). This association was also independent of other covariates. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Study findings suggest that rs6280 CC genotype predisposes to executive dysfunction and visuoconstructional deficits, whereas the heterozygous genotype protects from anxiety in PD. These effects do not appear to be dependent of one another. rs6280 is not a genotypic susceptibility factor for PD. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jpd-230292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T15:45:53Z","timestamp":1708098353000},"page":"313-324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["DRD3 Predicts Cognitive Impairment and Anxiety in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Susceptibility and Protective Effects"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Santo Ant\u00f3nio, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Santo Ant\u00f3nio, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR \u2013 Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Dam\u00e1sio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Santo Ant\u00f3nio, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Vila-Ch\u00e3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Santo Ant\u00f3nio, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR \u2013 Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Boleixa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular, Immunogenetics Laboratory, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1rbara","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR \u2013 Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular, Immunogenetics Laboratory, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Cavaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Santo Ant\u00f3nio, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR \u2013 Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2012.03.029"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp245"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11010104"},{"key":"ref004","first-page":"1642087","volume":"2019","author":"Zhi Y","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parkinsons Dis"},{"key":"ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-8020(00)00060-2"},{"key":"ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054108"},{"key":"ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00008"},{"key":"ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.06.005"},{"key":"ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.12631"},{"key":"ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30710"},{"key":"ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2022.114124"},{"key":"ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2005.02.004"},{"key":"ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26311"},{"key":"ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23429"},{"key":"ref015","unstructured":"FahnS, EltonRMembers of the UPDRS Development Committee (1987) Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale. 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