{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:14:48Z","timestamp":1792289688369,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Deutscher Arzte-Verlag GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]],"date-time":"2020-03-05T09:38:00Z","timestamp":1583401080000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Three Patients With Acute Pulmonary Damage Following the Use of E-Cigarettes"],"prefix":"10.3238","author":[{"given":"Hendrik","family":"Suhling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Welte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Fuehner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"11437","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"King BA, Jones CM, Baldwin GT, Briss PA. The EVALI and Youth Vaping Epidemics \u2013 Implications for Public Health. N Engl J Med 2020; 382: 689\u201391","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1916171"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref2","unstructured":"Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Risikobewertung: Vergiftungsf\u00e4lle: Cannabidiolhaltige Liquids f\u00fcr E-Zigaretten k\u00f6nnen manipuliert sein. Stellungnahme Nr. 005\/2020 vom 23. Januar 2020. www.bfr.bund.de\/cm\/343\/vergiftungsfaelle-cannabidiolhaltige-liquids-fuer-e-zigaretten-koennen-manipuliert-sein.pdf (last accessed on 25 February 2020)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref3","unstructured":"Deutsches Krebsforschungsinstitut: Krebspr\u00e4vention\/Information zur Tabakkontroll\/E-Zigarette. (last accessed on 25 February 2020)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref4","unstructured":"Verband des eZigarettenhandels: Verbraucher \u2013 Startseite\/Material & Downloads\/Archiv: Daten & Fakten zur E-Zigarette (September 2017). https:\/\/vd-eh.de\/material\/daten-fakten-zur-e-zigarette\/verbraucher\/ (last accessed on 25 February 2020)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref5","unstructured":"UK Nationals Health Service (NHS): Using e-cigarettes to stop smoking. www.nhs.uk\/live-well\/quit-smoking\/using-e-cigarettes-to-stop-smoking\/ (last accessed on 29 March 2019)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hajek P, Phillips-Waller A, Przulj D, et al.: A randomized trial of e-cigarettes versus nicotine-replacement therapy. N Engl J Med 2019; 14; 380: 629\u201337","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1808779"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agustin M, Yamamoto M, Cabrera F, Eusebio : Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage induced by vaping. Case Rep Pulmonol 2018; 7: 9724530  \/tr>8.Viswam D, Trotter S, Burge PS, Walters GI: Respiratory failure caused by lipoid pneumonia from vaping e-cigarettes. BMJ Case Rep 2018; pii: bcr-2018\u2013224350","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-224350"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sommerfeld CG, Weiner DJ, Nowalk A, Larkin A: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and acute respiratory distress syndrome from e-cigarette use. Pediatrics 2018; 141: pii: e20163927","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-3927"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref9","unstructured":"Center of Diseases and Control (CDC): Health advisory: severe pulmonary disease associated with use of e-cigarette products. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC 2019. https:\/\/emergency.cdc.gov\/han\/han00421.asp (last accessed on 25 February 2020)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Layden JE, Ghinai I, Pray I, et al.: Pulmonary illness related to e-cigarette use in Illinois and Wisconsin\u2014preliminary report. N Engl J Med 2019; doi: 10.1056\/NEJMoa1911614","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1911614"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blagev DP, Harris D, Dunn AC, et al.: Clinical presentation, treatment, and short-term outcomes of lung injury associated with e-cigarettes or vaping: a prospective observational cohort study. Lancet 2019. doi: 10.1016\/S0140\u20136736(19)32679\u20130","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32679-0"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref12","unstructured":"Center of Diseases Control (CDC): Outbreak of lung injury associated with the use of e-Cigarette, or vaping, products. www.cdc.gov\/tobacco\/basic_information\/e-cigarettes\/severe-lung-disease.html (last accessed on 25 February 2020)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref13","unstructured":"Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Risikobewertung: \u201eDampfen\u201c: BfR r\u00e4t vom Selbstmischen von E-Liquids ab. 43\/2019, 15.11.2019. (last accessed on 25 February 2020)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryerson CJ, Urbania TH, Richeldi L, et al.: Prevalence and prognosis of unclassifiable interstitial lung disease. Eur Respir J 2013; 42: 750\u20137","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00131912"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCarthy C, Lara Gallego B, Trapnell BC, Mc-Cormack FX: Epidemiology of rare lung diseases: the challenges and opportunities to improve research and knowledge. Adv Exp Med Biol 2017; 1031: 419\u201342","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-67144-4_24"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson RP, Zechar K: Lung injury from inhaling butane hash oil mimics pneumonia. Respir Med Case Rep 2019;26: 171\u20133.1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2019.01.002"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He T, Oks M, Esposito M, Steinberg H, Makaryus M: \u201cTree-in-bloom\u201d: severe acute lung injury induced by vaping cannabis oil. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2017; 14: 468\u201370","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201612-974LE"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blount BC, Karwowski MP, Shields PG, et al.: Vitamin E acetate in bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid associated with EVALI. N Engl J Med 2020; 382: 697\u2013705","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1916433"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref19","unstructured":"Umweltbundesamt: Christoph Hutzler, Frank Henkler, Andreas Luch: Inhaltsstoffe und Emissionen von E-Zigaretten. Umid 1, 2016. www.umweltbundesamt.de\/sites\/default\/files\/medien\/2218\/publikationen\/umid_1_2016_bfr_e-zigarette.pdf (last accessed on 25 February 2020)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee MS, Allen JG, Christiani DC: Endotoxin and and (1\u20133)-&#946;-D-glucan contamination in electronic cigarette products sold in the United States. Environ Health Perspect 2019; 127: 47008","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP3469"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Floyd EL, Queimado L, Wang J, Regens JL, Johnson DL: Electronic cigarette power affects count concentration and particle size distribution of vaping aerosol. PLoS One 2018; 13(12): e0210147","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210147"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burstyn I: Peering through the mist: systematic review of what the chemistry of contaminants in electronic cigarettes tells us about health risks. BMC Public Health 2014; 14: 18","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-18"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allen JG, Flanigan SS, LeBlanc M, et al.: Flavoring chemicals in e-cigarettes: diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, and acetoin in a sample of 51 products, including fruit-, candy-, and cocktail-flavored e-cigarettes. Environ Health Perspect 2016; 124: 733\u20139","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1510185"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uchiyama S, Inaba Y, Kunugita N: Determination of acrolein and other carbonyls in cigarette smoke using coupled silica cartridges impregnated with hydroquinone and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. J Chromatogr A 2010: 1217: 4383\u20138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2010.04.056"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sommerfeld CG, Weiner DJ, Nowalk A, Larkin A: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and acute respiratory distress syndrome from e-cigarette use. Pediatrics 2018; 141: e20163927","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-3927"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arter ZL, Wiggins A, Hudspath C, Kisling A, Hostler DC, Hostler JM: Acute eosinophilic pneumonia following electronic cigarette use. Respir Med Case Rep 2019; 27: 100825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2019.100825"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCauley L, Markin C, Hosmer D: An unexpected consequence of electronic cigarette use. Chest 2012; 141: 1110\u20133","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-1334"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flower M, Nandakumar L, Singh M, Wyld D, Windsor M, Fielding D: Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease secondary to electronic nicotine delivery system use confirmed with open lung biopsy. Respirol Case Rep 2017; 5: e00230","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.230"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fels Elliott DR, Shah R, Hess CA, et al.: Giant cell interstitial pneumonia secondary to cobalt exposure from e-cigarette use. Eur Respir J 2019; 54: pii: 1901922","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01922-2019"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olmedo P, Goessler W, Tanda S, et al.: Metal concentrations in e-cigarette liquid and aerosol samples: the contribution of metallic coils. Environ Health Perspect 2018; 126: 027010","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP2175"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fonseca Fuentes X, Kashyap R, Hays JT, et al.: VpALI\u2014vaping-related acute lung injury: a new killer around the block. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2019; 94: 2534\u201345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.10.010"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stephens WE: Comparing the cancer potencies of emissions from vapourised nicotine products including e-cigarettes with those of tobacco smoke. Tobacco Control 2018; 27: 10\u20137","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2017-053808"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bauld L, Hiscock R, Dobbie F, et al.: English stop-smoking services: one-year outcomes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13. pii: E1175","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13121175"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pisinger C, Dagli E, Filippidis FT, et al., on behalf of the ERS Tobacco Control Committee: ERS and tobacco harm reduction. Eur Respir J 2019; 54: 1902009","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02009-2019"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref35","unstructured":"Bremerhaven.de: E-Zigaretten und E-Shisha \u2013 gef\u00e4hrliche Zus\u00e4tze? 25. 10. 2019 www.bremerhaven.de\/de\/aktuelles\/e-zigaretten-und-e-shisha-gefaehrliche-zusaetze.95813.html (last accessed on 25 February 2020)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177_ref36","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Health Alert Network: severe pulmonary disease associated with using e-cigarette products. August 30, 2019. https:\/\/emergency.cdc.gov\/han\/han00421.asp. (last accessed on 25 February 2020)."}],"container-title":["Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt international"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T09:54:28Z","timestamp":1638784468000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]]},"references-count":36,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0177","relation":{},"ISSN":["1866-0452"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1866-0452","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]]}}}