{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T15:54:58Z","timestamp":1778774098202,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Deutscher Arzte-Verlag GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]],"date-time":"2021-10-18T18:25:49Z","timestamp":1634581549000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Imaging of prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.3238","author":[{"given":"Heinz-Peter","family":"Schlemmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernd Joachim","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viktoria","family":"Sch\u00fctz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bonekamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah Marie","family":"Schwarzenb\u00f6ck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Hohenfellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"11437","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref1","unstructured":"Robert Koch-Institut e.V.: GdeKiD. Krebs in Deutschland 2015\/2016. www.krebsdaten.de\/Krebs\/DE\/Content\/Publikationen\/Krebs_in_Deutschland\/kid_2019\/krebs_in_deutschland_2019.pdf;jsessionid=0AAB0F47689EFD8C5BB4739E108FC835.2_ cid298?__blob=publicationFile (last accessed on 3 September 2021)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rider JR, Sandin F, Andren O, Wiklund P, Hugosson J, Stattin P: Long-term outcomes among noncuratively treated men according to prostate cancer risk category in a nationwide, population-based study. Eur Urol 2013; 63: 88\u201396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.08.001"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u2018Amico AV, Whittington R, Malkowicz SB, et al.: Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy, or interstitial radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. JAMA 1998; 280: 969\u201374","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.11.969"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, et al.: Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 1156\u201361","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199104253241702"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corcoran NM, Hong MK, Casey RG, et al.: Upgrade in gleason score between prostate biopsies and pathology following radical prostatectomy significantly impacts upon the risk of biochemical recurrence. BJU Int 2011; 108 (8 Pt 2): E202\u201310","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2011.10119.x"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmed HU, Bosaily AE-S, Brown LC, et al.: Diagnostic accuracy of multi-parametric MRI and TRUS biopsy in prostate cancer (PROMIS): a validating confirmatory study. Lancet 2017; 389: 815\u201322","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32401-1"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref7","unstructured":"Grimm MWS, B\u00f6hmer D, Bolenz C, et al.: Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie (Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft, Deutsche Krebshilfe, AWMF): S3-Leitlinie Prostatakarzinom, Langversion 6.0, 2021, AWMF Registernummer: 043\/022OL, www.leitlinienprogramm-onkologie.de\/leitlinien\/prostatakarzinom\/ (last accessed on 3 September 2021)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caglic I, Kovac V, Barrett T: Multiparametric MRI\u2014local staging of prostate cancer and beyond. Radiol Oncol 2019; 53: 159\u201370","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2019-0021"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klotz L, Pond G, Loblaw A, et al.: Randomized study of systematic biopsy versus magnetic resonance imaging and targeted and systematic biopsy in men on active surveillance (ASIST): 2-year postbiopsy Follow-up. Eur Urol 2020; 77: 311\u20137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2019.10.007"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schlemmer H-P: Multiparametrische MR-Bildgebung beim Prostatakarzinom. Radiologie up2date 2017; 17: 43\u201360","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-122604"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Becerra MF, Alameddine M, Zucker I, et al.: Performance of multiparametric MRI of the prostate in biopsy naive men: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Urology 2020; 146: 189\u201395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.06.102"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drost FH, Osses D, Nieboer D, et al.: Prostate magnetic resonance imaging, with or without magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsy, and systematic biopsy for detecting prostate cancer: a cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Urol 2020; 77: 78\u201394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2019.06.023"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radtke JP, Kuru TH, Bonekamp D, et al.: Further reduction of disqualification rates by additional MRI-targeted biopsy with transperineal saturation biopsy compared with standard 12-core systematic biopsies for the selection of prostate cancer patients for active surveillance. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2016; 19: 283\u201391","DOI":"10.1038\/pcan.2016.16"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sathianathen NJ, Omer A, Harriss E, et al.: Negative predictive value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer in the prostate imaging reporting and data system era: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Urol 2020; 78: 402\u201314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.03.048"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radtke JP, Wiesenfarth M, Kesch C, et al.: Combined clinical parameters and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for advanced risk modeling of prostate cancer-patient-tailored risk stratification can reduce unnecessary biopsies. Eur Urol 2017; 72: 888\u201396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.03.039"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Auvinen A, Rannikko A, Taari K, et al.: A randomized trial of early detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (ProScreen): study design and rationale. Eur J Epidemiol 2017; 32: 521\u20137","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0292-5"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eklund M, J\u00e4derling F, Discacciati A, et al.: MRI-targeted or standard biopsy in prostate cancer screening. N Engl J Med 2021; 385: 908\u201320","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2100852"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kasivisvanathan V, Rannikko AS, Borghi M, et al.: MRI-targeted or standard biopsy for prostate-cancer diagnosis. N Engl J Med 2018; 378: 1767\u201377","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801993"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radtke JP, Kuru TH, Boxler S, et al.: Comparative analysis of transperineal template saturation prostate biopsy versus magnetic resonance imaging targeted biopsy with magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion guidance. J Urol 2015; 193: 87\u201394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.07.098"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radtke JP, Schwab C, Wolf MB, et al.: Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and MRI-transrectal ultrasound fusion biopsy for index tumor detection: correlation with radical prostatectomy specimen. Eur Urol 2016; 70: 846\u201353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.12.052"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref21","unstructured":"American College of Radiology (ACR), European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR), AdMeTEch Foundation: PI-RADS\u00ae, Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System. 2019. Version 2.1. www.acr.org\/-\/media\/ACR\/Files\/RADS\/PI-RADS\/PIRADS-V2-1.pdf (last accessed on September 3, 2021)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beyer T, Schlemmer H-P, Weber M-A, Thierfelder KM: PI-RADS 2.1 \u2013 Image interpretation: the most important updates and their clinical implications. Rofo 2021; 193: 787\u201396","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1324-4010"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00f6rtz M, Radtke JP, Hatiboglu G, et al.: The value of prostate-specific antigen density for prostate imaging-reporting and data system 3 lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging: a strategy to avoid unnecessary prostate biopsies. Eur Urol Focus 2021; 7: 325\u201331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2019.11.012"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westphalen AC, McCulloch CE, Anaokar JM, et al.: Variability of the positive predictive value of PI-RADS for prostate MRI across 26 centers: experience of the society of abdominal radiology prostate cancer disease-focused panel. Radiology 2020; 296: 76\u201384","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020190646"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Franiel T, Asbach P, Beyersdorff D, et al.: mpMRI of the prostate (MR-Prostatography): updated recommendations of the DRG and BDR on patient preparation and scanning protocol. Rofo 2021; 193: 763\u201377.","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1406-8477"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref26","unstructured":"Deutsche R\u00f6ntgen-Gesellschaft, Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Medizinische Radiologie e.V., AG Uroradiologie und Urogenitaldiagnostik: \u201eZertifizierung mpMRT der Prostata\u201c. www.ag-uro.drg.de\/de-DE\/4285\/zertifizierung\/ (last accessed on 3 September 2021)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref27","unstructured":"Berufsverband der Deutschen Radiologen e.V: \u201eUpdate zum Testatverfahren mpMR Prostatografie\u201c. www.radiologenverband.de\/#inhalte\/2019-04-01\/8\/mpmr-prostatografieqrr-testat (last accessed on 3 September 2021)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonekamp D, Kohl S, Wiesenfarth M, et al.: Radiomic machine learning for characterization of prostate lesions with MRI: comparison to ADC values. Radiology 2018; 289: 128\u201337","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018173064"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Netzer N, Wei\u00dfer C, Schelb P, et al.: Fully automatic deep learning in bi-institutional prostate magnetic resonance imaging: effects of cohort size and heterogeneity. Invest Radiol 2021; DOI: 10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000791. Epub ahead of print","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000791"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schelb P, Tavakoli AA, Tubtawee T, et al.: Comparison of prostate MRI lesion segmentation agreement between multiple radiologists and a fully automatic deep learning system. Rofo 2021; 193: 559\u201373","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1290-8070"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref31","unstructured":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie \u2013 Referat Soziale Medien, \u00d6ffentlichkeitsarbeit: Digitale Technologien. Aktuelle Strategische Einzelprojekte. CLINIC 5.1 \u2013 Comprehensive Lifesciences Neural Information Computing, URL. www.digitale-technologien.de\/DT\/Navigation\/DE\/ProgrammeProjekte\/AktuelleStrategischeEinzelprojekte\/clinic5_1\/clinic5_1.htm (last accessed on 3 September 2021)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mottet N, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, et al.: EAU-ESTRO-SIOG guidelines on prostate cancer. Part 1: screening, diagnosis, and local treatment with curative intent. Eur Urol 2017; 71: 618\u201329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2016.08.003"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref33","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Prostate cancer: diagnosis and management NICE guideline [NG131]. www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng131. Published 09 May 2019.27.06.2021."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Visschere PJL, Standaert C, F\u00fctterer JJ, et al.: A systematic review on the role of imaging in early recurrent prostate cancer. Eur Urol Oncol 2019; 2: 47\u201376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euo.2018.09.010"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crocerossa F, Marchioni M, Novara G, et al.: Detection rate of prostate specific membrane antigen tracers for positron emission tomography\/computerized tomography in prostate cancer biochemical recurrence: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Urol 2021; 205: 356\u201369","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000001369"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Afshar-Oromieh A, Malcher A, Eder M, et al.: PET imaging with a [68Ga]gallium-labelled PSMA ligand for the diagnosis of prostate cancer: biodistribution in humans and first evaluation of tumour lesions. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2013; 40: 486\u201395","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-012-2298-2"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Afshar-Oromieh A, Holland-Letz T, Giesel FL, et al.: Diagnostic performance of (68)Ga-PSMA-11 (HBED-CC) PET\/CT in patients with recurrent prostate cancer: evaluation in 1007 patients. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 44: 1258\u201368","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-017-3711-7"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hofman MS, Lawrentschuk N, Francis RJ, et al.: Prostate-specific membrane antigen PET-CT in patients with high-risk prostate cancer before curative-intent surgery or radiotherapy (proPSMA): a prospective, randomised, multicentre study. Lancet 2020; 395: 1208\u201316","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30314-7"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giesel FL, Hadaschik B, Cardinale J, et al.: F-18 labelled PSMA-1007: biodistribution, radiation dosimetry and histopathological validation of tumor lesions in prostate cancer patients. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 44: 678\u201388","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-016-3573-4"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yadav MP, Ballal S, Sahoo RK, Dwivedi SN, Bal C: Radioligand therapy with (177)Lu-PSMA for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019; 213: 275\u201385","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.18.20845"}],"container-title":["Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt international"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T10:14:20Z","timestamp":1638785660000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]]},"references-count":40,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0309","relation":{},"ISSN":["1866-0452"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1866-0452","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]]}}}