{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:59:18Z","timestamp":1790787558374,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Deutscher Arzte-Verlag GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T06:45:36Z","timestamp":1648017936000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Clinical practice guideline: Chronic tinnitus\u2014diagnosis and treatment"],"prefix":"10.3238","author":[{"given":"Birgit","family":"Mazurek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Hesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Dobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Kratzsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claas","family":"Lahmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heribert","family":"Sattel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"11437","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref1","unstructured":"Pilgramm M, Rychlik R, Lebisch H, Siedentop H, Goebel G, Kirchhoff D: Tinnitus in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland – eine repr\u00e4sentative epidemiologische Studie. HNO aktuell 1999; 7: 26–5."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCormack A, Edmondson-Jones M, Somerset S, Hall D: A systematic review of the reporting of tinnitus prevalence and severity. Hear Res 2016; 337: 70–9.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2016.05.009"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biesinger E, Heiden C, Greimel V, Lendle T, H\u00f6ing R, Albegger K: Strategien in der ambulanten Behandlung des Tinnitus. HNO 1998; 46: 15769.","DOI":"10.1007\/s001060050215"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schecklmann M, Vielsmeier V, Steffens T, Landgrebe M, Langguth B, Kleinjung T: Relationship between audiometric slope and tinnitus pitch in tinnitus patients: insights into the mechanisms of tinnitus generation. PloS One. 2012; 7: e34878.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034878"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zirke N, Seydel C, Szczepek A, Olze H, Haupt H, Mazurek B: Psychological comorbidity in patients with chronic tinnitus: analysis and comparison with chronic pain, asthma or atopic dermatitis patients. Qual Life Res 2013; 22: 263–72.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-012-0156-0"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cima RFF, van Breukelen G, Vlaeyen JWS: Tinnitus-related fear: mediating the effects of a cognitive behavioural specialised tinnitus treatment. Hear Res 2018; 358: 86–97.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2017.10.003"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mazurek B, Szczepek AJ, Br\u00fcggemann P: [Tinnitus – clinical symptoms and therapy]. LRO 2017; 96: 47–59.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-119419"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref8","unstructured":"Hesse G: Evidence and evidence gaps in tinnitus therapy. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 15: Doc04."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref9","unstructured":"AWMF: Leitlinie Tinnitus. Leitlinien der Deutschen Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie. 2021; Leitlinie 017\/064: 1–108."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref10","unstructured":"AWMF: S3-Leitlinie Chronischer Tinnitus – Patientenleitlinie. 2021; 017\/64: 1–9."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref11","unstructured":"AWMF: Leitlinie H\u00f6rsturz. Leitlinien der Dt Ges f Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie. 2014; Leitlinie 017\/010: 1–10."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoare D, Kowalkowski V, Kang S, Hall D: Systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials examining tinnitus management. Laryngoscope 2011; 121: 1555–64.","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21825"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kreuzer PM, Vielsmeier V, Langguth B: Chronic tinnitus: an interdisciplinary challenge. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2013; 110: 278–84.","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2013.0278"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kofahl C: Associations of collective self-help activity, health literacy and quality of life in patients with tinnitus. Patient Educ Couns 2018; 101: 2170–8.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2018.07.001"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yakunina N, Lee WH, Ryu YJ, Nam EC: Tinnitus suppression effect of hearing aids in patients with high-frequency hearing loss: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Otol Neurotol 2019; 40: 865–71.","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000002315"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henry JA, McMillan G, Dann S, Bennett K, Griest S, Theodoroff S, et al.: Tinnitus management: randomized controlled trial comparing extended-wear hearing aids, conventional hearing aids, and combination instruments. J Am Acad Audiol 2017; 28: 546–61.","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.16067"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kimball SH, Johnson CE, Baldwin J, Barton K, Mathews C, Danhauer JL: Hearing aids as a treatment for tinnitus patients with slight to mild sensorineural hearing loss. Semin Hear 2018; 39: 123–34.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1641739"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borges ALF, Duarte P, Almeida RBS, Ledesma ALL, Azevedo YJ, Pereira LV, et al.: Cochlear implant and tinnitus–a meta-analysis. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 87: 353–65.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2020.11.006"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hesse G, Schaaf H: Manual der H\u00f6rtherapie. Stuttgart: Thieme 2012.","DOI":"10.1055\/b-002-37764"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoare D, Stacey P, Hall D: The efficacy of auditory perceptual training for tinnitus: a systematic review. Ann Behav Med 2010; 40: 313–24.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-010-9213-5"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tutaj L, Hoare DJ, Sereda M: Combined amplification and sound generation for tinnitus: a scoping review. Ear hear 2018; 39: 412–22.","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000516"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fuller T, Cima R, Langguth B, Mazurek B, Vlaeyen JW, Hoare DJ: Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 1: CD012614.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012614.pub2"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jastreboff PJ: 25 years of tinnitus retraining therapy. HNO 2015; 63: 307–11.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-014-2979-1"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bauer CA, Berry JL, Brozoski TJ: The effect of tinnitus retraining therapy on chronic tinnitus: a controlled trial. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2017; 2: 166–77.","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.76"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tinnitus Retraining Therapy Trial Research G, Scherer RW, Formby C: Effect of tinnitus retraining therapy vs standard of care on tinnitus-related quality of life: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019; 145: 597–608.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.0821"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stein A, Wunderlich R, Lau P, Engell A, Wollbrink A, Shaykevich A, et al.: Clinical trial on tonal tinnitus with tailor-made notched music training. BMC Neurol 2016; 16: 38.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-016-0558-7"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wegger M, Ovesen T, Larsen DG: Acoustic coordinated reset neuromodulation: a systematic review of a novel therapy for tinnitus. Front Neurol 2017; 8: 36.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00036"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wegner I, Hall DA, Smit AL, McFerran D, Stegeman I: Betahistine for tinnitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 12: CD013093.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013093.pub2"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hilton MP, Zimmermann EF, Hunt WT: Ginkgo biloba for tinnitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 3: CD003852.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003852.pub3"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Posadzki P, Watson LK, Ernst E: Adverse effects of herbal medicines: an overview of systematic reviews. Clin Med (Lond) 2013; 13: 7–12.","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.13-1-7"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hofmeister M: Do dietary factors significantly influence tinnitus? Aust J Gen Pract 2019; 48: 153–7.","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP-07-18-4643"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Landgrebe M, Hajak G, Wolf S, Padberg F, Klupp P, Fallgatter AJ, et al.: 1-Hz rTMS in the treatment of tinnitus: a sham-controlled, randomized multicenter trial. Brain stimulation 2017; 10: 1112–20.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2017.08.001"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen JJ, Zeng BS, Wu CN, Stubbs B, Carvalho AF, Brunoni AR, et al.: Association of central noninvasive brain stimulation interventions with efficacy and safety in tinnitus management: a meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 1;146: 801–9.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.1497"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lefebvre-Demers M, Doyon N, Fecteau S. Non-invasive neuromodulation for tinnitus: a meta-analysis and modeling studies. Brain Stimul 2021; 14: 113–28.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2020.11.014"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tyler R, Cacace A, Stocking C, Tarver B, Engineer N, Martin J, et al.: Vagus nerve stimulation paired with tones for the treatment of tinnitus: a prospective randomized double-blind controlled pilot study in humans. Sci Rep 2017; 7: 11960.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12178-w"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marks KL, Martel DT, Wu C, Basura GJ, Roberts LE, Schvartz-Leyzac KC, et al.: Auditory-somatosensory bimodal stimulation desynchronizes brain circuitry to reduce tinnitus in guinea pigs and humans. Sci Transl Med 2018; 10(422).","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal3175"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Conlon B, Langguth B, Hamilton C, Hughes S, Meade E, Connor CO, et al.: Bimodal neuromodulation combining sound and tongue stimulation reduces tinnitus symptoms in a large randomized clinical study. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12 (564).","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abb2830"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi JE, Lee MY, Chung PS, Jung JY: A preliminary study on the efficacy and safety of low level light therapy in the management of cochlear tinnitus: a single blind randomized clinical trial. Int Tinnitus J 2019; 23: 52–7.","DOI":"10.5935\/0946-5448.20190010"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michiels S, Van de Heyning P, Truijen S, Hallemans A, De Hertogh W: Does multi-modal cervical physical therapy improve tinnitus in patients with cervicogenic somatic tinnitus? Man Ther 2016; 26: 125–31.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2016.08.005"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kinne L, Bays LC, Fahlen KL, Owens JS: Somatic tinnitus and manual therapy: a systematic review. OJOR Online Jour ORL 2019; 1(2).","DOI":"10.33552\/OJOR.2019.01.000510"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biswas R, Hall DA: Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for tinnitus. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 51: 3–28.","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2020_154"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hesse G: Tinnitus. II. ed. Stuttgart: Thieme 2015.","DOI":"10.1055\/b-003-125874"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zirke N, Seydel C, Arsoy D, Klapp BF, Haupt H, Szczepek AJ, et al.: Analysis of mental disorders in tinnitus patients performed with composite international diagnostic interview. Qual Life Res 2013; 22: 2095–104.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-012-0338-9"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kratzsch V, Goebel G: Aktuelle Aspekte zu Tinnitus und Depression. HNO 2018; 66: 188–97.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-018-0477-6"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref45","unstructured":"Goebel G, Hiller W: Tinnitus-Fragebogen (TF). Ein Instrument zur Erfassung von Belastung und Schweregrad bei Tinnitus (siehe Anlage Tinnitus Fragebogen). G\u00f6ttingen, Bern, Toronto, Seattle: Hogrefe Verlag f\u00fcr Psychologie 1998."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref46","unstructured":"Sohn W: Daten zur Pr\u00e4valenz von Schwerh\u00f6rigkeit. Deutscher Schwerh\u00f6rigenbund DSB 2000; Universit\u00e4t Witten-Herdecke."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramakers GG, van Zon A, Stegeman I, Grolman W: The effect of cochlear implantation on tinnitus in patients with bilateral hearing loss: a systematic review. Laryngoscope 2015; 125: 2584–92.","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25370"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olze H, Szczepek A, Haupt H, Zirke N, Graebel S, Mazurek B: The impact of cochlear implantation on tinnitus, stress and quality of life in postlingually deafened patients. Audiol Neurootol 2012;17: 2–11.","DOI":"10.1159\/000323847"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martinez-Devesa P, Perera R, Theodoulou M, Waddell A: Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; 9: CD005233.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005233.pub3"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schaaf H, Wei\u00df S, Hesse G: Catamnesis results of an inpatient neuro-otolog and psychosomatic tinnitus therapy 1–5 years after discharge. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 274: 701–10.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-016-4316-7"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref51","unstructured":"Grewal R, Spielmann PM, Jones SE, Hussain SS: Clinical efficacy of tinnitus retraining therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy in the treatment of subjective tinnitus: a systematic review. J Laryngol Otol 2014: 1–6."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dong C, Chen C, Wang T, Gao C, Wang Y, Guan X, et al.: Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of chronic tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Biomed Res Int 2020; 3141278.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3141278"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang Z, Yang H, Cheng G, Huang L, Zhang T, Jia H: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on chronic tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20: 547.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02947-9"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref54","unstructured":"Dehkordi MA, Einolghozati S, Ghasemi SM, Abolbashari S, Meshkat M, Behzad H: Effect of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of cochlear tinnitus: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ear Nose Throat J 2015; 94: 32–6."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haider HF, Hoare DJ, Costa RFP, Potgieter I, Kikidis D, Lapira A, et al.: Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of somatosensory tinnitus: a scoping review. Front Neurosci 2017; 11: 207.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00207"}],"container-title":["Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt international"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T21:07:38Z","timestamp":1726866458000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"references-count":55,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0135","relation":{},"ISSN":["1866-0452"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1866-0452","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]}}}