{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T03:43:52Z","timestamp":1794455032373,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Deutscher Arzte-Verlag GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T15:20:56Z","timestamp":1706800856000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The treatment of growth disorders in childhood and adolescence"],"prefix":"10.3238","author":[{"given":"Joachim","family":"Woelfle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Schnabel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Binder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"11437","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosell\u00f3-D\u00edez A, Joyner AL: Regulation of long bone growth in vertebrates; it is time to catch up. Endocr Rev 2015; 36: 646\u201380","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2015-1048"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref2","unstructured":"Binder G, Woelfle J: S1-Leitlinie: Kleinwuchs. AWMF online \u2013 Das Portal der wissenschaftlichen Medizin 2022.: S1-Leitlinie: Kleinwuchs. AWMF online \u2013 Das Portal der wissenschaftlichen Medizin 2023. www.awmf.org\/de\/leitlinien\/detail\/174 \u2013004 (last accessed on 16 January 2024)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref3","unstructured":"Binder G, Woelfle J: S1-Leitlinie: Hochwuchs. AWMF online \u2013 Das Portal der wissenschaftlichen Medizin 2022. www.awmf.org\/de\/leitlinien\/detail\/174\u2013021 (last accessed on 14 January 2023)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collett-Solberg PF, Ambler G, Backeljauw PF, et al.: Diagnosis, genetics, and therapy of short stature in children: a growth hormone research society international perspective. Horm Res Paediatr 2019; 92: 1\u201314","DOI":"10.1159\/000502231"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref5","unstructured":"Binder G, Kratzsch J, Pfaeffle R, Woelfle J: S2e-Leitlinie: Diagnostik des Wachstumshormonmangels im Kindes- und Jugendalter. AWMF online \u2013 Das Portal der wissenschaftlichen Medizin 2022. www.awmf.org\/de\/leitlinien\/detail\/174 \u2013021 (last accessed on 14 January 2023)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raben MS: Treatment of a pituitary dwarf with human growth hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1958; 18: 901\u20133","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-18-8-901"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koch TK, Berg BO, De Armond SJ, Gravina RF: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a young adult with idiopathic hypopituitarism. Possible relation to the administration of cadaveric human growth hormone. N Engl J Med 1985; 313: 731\u20133","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198509193131206"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Molitch ME, Clemmons DR, Malozowski S, Merriam GR, Vance ML, Endocrine Society: Evaluation and treatment of adult growth hormone deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: 1587\u2013609","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0179"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westphal O, Lindberg A, Swedish KIGS National Board: Final height in Swedish children with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency enrolled in KIGS treated optimally with growth hormone. Acta Paediatr 2008; 97: 1698\u2013706","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.01053.x"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e4vendahl L, Cooke R, Tidblad A, et al.: Long-term mortality after childhood growth hormone treatment: the SAGhE cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020; 8: 683\u201392","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30163-7"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stephure DK, Canadian Growth Hormone Advisory Committee: Impact of growth hormone supplementation on adult height in turner syndrome: results of the Canadian randomized controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90: 3360\u20136","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2187"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carrel AL, Myers SE, Whitman BY, Allen DB: Growth hormone improves body composition, fat utilization, physical strength and agility, and growth in Prader-Willi syndrome: a controlled study. J Pediatr 1999; 134: 215\u201321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70418-X"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blum WF, Crowe BJ, Quigley CA, et al.: Growth hormone is effective in treatment of short stature associated with short stature homeobox-containing gene deficiency: two-year results of a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 219\u201328","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1409"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hokken-Koelega AC, Stijnen T, de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM, et al.: Placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial of growth hormone treatment in prepubertal children with chronic renal failure. Lancet 1991; 338: 585\u201390","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90604-N"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ozono K, Ogata T, Horikawa R, et al.: Efficacy and safety of two doses of Norditropin\u00ae(somatropin) in short stature due to Noonan syndrome: a 2-year randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial in Japanese patients. Endocr J 2018; 65: 159\u201374","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ17-0313"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thornton PS, Maniatis AK, Aghajanova E, et al.: Weekly lonapegsomatropin in treatment-naive children with growth hormone deficiency: the Phase 3 heiGHt trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106: 3184\u201395","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab529"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deal CL, Steelman J, Vlachopapadopoulou E, et al.: Efficacy and safety of weekly somatrogon vs daily somatropin in children with growth hormone deficiency: a phase 3 study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107: e2717\u2013e28","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac220"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller BS, Blair JC, Rasmussen MH, et al.: Weekly somapacitan is effective and well tolerated in children with GH deficiency: the randomized phase 3 REAL4 trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107: 3378\u201388","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac513"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pampanini V, Deodati A, Inzaghi E, Cianfarani S: Long-acting growth hormone preparations and their use in children with growth hormone deficiency. Horm Res Paediatr 2023; 96:553\u20139","DOI":"10.1159\/000523791"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref20","unstructured":"Laron Z, Pertzelan A, Mannheimer S: Genetic pituitary dwarfism with high serum concentation of growth hormone\u2014a new inborn error of metabolism? Isr J Med Sci 1966; 2: 152\u20135"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ranke MB, W\u00f6lfle J, Schnabel D, Bettendorf M: Treatment of dwarfism with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2009; 106: 703\u20139","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2009.0703"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chernausek SD, Backeljauw PF, Frane J, Kuntze J, Underwood LE, GH Insensitivity Syndrome Collaborative Group: Long-term treatment with recombinant insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in children with severe IGF-I deficiency due to growth hormone insensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 902\u201310","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1610"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bang P, Polak M, Woelfle J, Houchard A, EU IGFD Registry Study Group: Effectiveness and Safety of rhIGF-1 Therapy in Children: the European Increlex\u00ae Growth Forum Database Experience. Horm Res Paediatr 2015; 83: 345\u201357","DOI":"10.1159\/000371798"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Savarirayan R, Irving M, Bacino CA, et al.: C-type natriuretic peptide analogue therapy in children with achondroplasia. N Engl J Med 2019; 381: 25\u201335","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1813446"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Savarirayan R, Tofts L, Irving M, et al.: Once-daily, subcutaneous vosoritide therapy in children with achondroplasia: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet 2020; 396: 684\u201392","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31541-5"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yanovski JA, Rose SR, Municchi G, et al.: Treatment with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist in adolescents with short stature. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 908\u201317","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013555"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wickman S, Sipil\u00e4 I, Ankarberg-Lindgren C, Norjavaara E, Dunkel L: A specific aromatase inhibitor and potential increase in adult height in boys with delayed puberty: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2001; 357: 1743\u20138","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04895-9"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hero M, Norjavaara E, Dunkel L: Inhibition of estrogen biosynthesis with a potent aromatase inhibitor increases predicted adult height in boys with idiopathic short stature: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90: 6396\u2013402","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1392"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sas TC, Gault EJ, Bardsley MZ, et al.: Safety and efficacy of oxandrolone in growth hormone-treated girls with Turner syndrome: evidence from recent studies and recommendations for use. Horm Res Paediatr 2014; 81: 289\u201397","DOI":"10.1159\/000358195"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Albuquerque EVA, Scalco RC, Jorge AAL: Management of endocrine disease: diagnostic and therapeutic approach of tall stature. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 176: R339\u2013R53","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-1054"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drop SL, De Waal WJ, De Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM: Sex steroid treatment of constitutionally tall stature. Endocr Rev 1998; 19: 540\u201358","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.19.5.0345"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venn A, Bruinsma F, Werther G, et al.: Oestrogen treatment to reduce the adult height of tall girls: long-term effects on fertility. Lancet 2004; 364: 1513\u20138","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17274-7"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hendriks AE, Drop SL, Laven JS, Boot AM: Fertility of tall girls treated with high-dose estrogen, a dose-response relationship. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97: 3107\u201314","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1078"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hendriks AE, Laven JS, Valkenburg O, et al.: Fertility and ovarian function in high-dose estrogen-treated tall women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: 1098\u2013105","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2244"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Binder G, Grauer ML, Wehner AV, Wehner F, Ranke MB: Outcome in tall stature. Final height and psychological aspects in 220 patients with and without treatment. Eur J Pediatr 1997; 156: 905\u201310","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310050740"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lemcke B, Zentgraf J, Behre HM, Kliesch S, Br\u00e4mswig JH, Nieschlag E: Long-term effects on testicular function of high-dose testosterone treatment for excessively tall stature. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81: 296\u2013301","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.81.1.8550767"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Waal WJ, Vreeburg JT, Bekkering F, et al.: High dose testosterone therapy for reduction of final height in constitutionally tall boys: does it influence testicular function in adulthood? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1995; 43: 87\u201395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1995.tb01897.x"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hendriks AE, Boellaard WP, van Casteren NJ, et al.: Fatherhood in tall men treated with high-dose sex steroids during adolescence. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 5233\u201340","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0435"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Willinger M, Schreiner M, Kolb A, Windhager R, Chiari C: Epiphyseodesis for the treatment of tall stature and leg discrepancy. Wien Med Wochenschr 2021; 171: 133\u201341","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-021-00828-8"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goedegebuure WJ, Jonkers F, Boot AM, et al.: Long-term follow-up after bilateral percutaneous epiphysiodesis around the knee to reduce excessive predicted final height. Arch Dis Child 2018; 103: 219\u201323","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313295"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gohlke B, Woelfle J: Growth and puberty in German children: is there still a positive secular trend? Dtsch Arztebl Int 2009; 106: 377\u201382","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2009.0656b"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref42","unstructured":"NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC): Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents\u2018 growth and development. Nature 2023; 615: 874\u201383"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref43","unstructured":"Woelfle J: Hochwuchs. In: Diederich S, Feldkamp J, Gru\u00dfendorf M, Reincke M (eds.): Referenz Endokrinologie und Diabetologie. Stuttgart: Thieme Verlag 2020."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hintz RL: The prismatic case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with pituitary growth hormone treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80: 2298\u20132301","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.80.8.2298"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Root AW, Dana K, Lippe B: Treatment of growth hormone-deficient infants with recombinant human growth hormone to near-adult height: patterns of growth. Horm Res Paediatr 2011; 75: 276\u201383","DOI":"10.1159\/000322881"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e4vendahl L, Polak M, Backeljauw P, et al.: Long-term safety of growth hormone treatment in childhood: two large observational studies: NordiNet IOS and ANSWER. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106: 1728\u201341","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab080"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darendeliler F, Karagiannis G, Wilton P: Headache, idiopathic intracranial hypertension and slipped capital femoral epiphysis during growth hormone treatment: a safety update from the KIGS database. Horm Res 2007; 68 (Suppl. 5): 41\u20137","DOI":"10.1159\/000110474"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mameli C, Orso M, Calcaterra V, et al.: Efficacy, safety, quality of life, adherence and cost-effectiveness of long-acting growth hormone replacement therapy compared to daily growth hormone in children with growth hormone deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res 2023; 193: 106805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106805"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref49","unstructured":"Eshet R, Laron Z, Pertzelan A, Arnon R, Dintzman M: Defect of human growth hormone receptors in the liver of two patients with Laron-type dwarfism. Isr J Med Sci 1984; 20: 8\u201311."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Woelfle J: Wachstumshormoninsensitivit\u00e4t und schwerer prim\u00e4rer Mangel an insulin\u00e4hnlichem Wachstumsfaktor-1. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2014; 162: 309\u201314","DOI":"10.1007\/s00112-013-3045-x"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Savarirayan R, Baratela W, Butt T, et al.: Literature review and expert opinion on the impact of achondroplasia on medical complications and health-related quality of life and expectations for long-term impact of vosoritide: a modified Delphi study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17: 224","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-022-02372-z"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Savarirayan R, Irving M, Harmatz P, et al.: Growth parameters in children with achondroplasia: a 7-year, prospective, multinational, observational study. Genet Med 2022; 24: 2444\u201352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gim.2022.08.015"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Breinholt VM, Mygind PH, Christoffersen ED, et al.: Phase 1 safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics results of a long-acting C-type natriuretic peptide prodrug, TransCon CNP. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 88: 4763\u201372","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15369"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schneider EL, Carreras CW, Reid R, Ashley GW, Santi DV: A long-acting C-natriuretic peptide for achondroplasia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119: e2201067119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2201067119"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klein KO, Barnes KM, Jones JV, Feuillan PP, Cutler GB Jr: Increased final height in precocious puberty after long-term treatment with LHRH agonists: the National Institutes of Health experience. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86: 4711\u20136","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.10.7915"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cassio A, Cacciari E, Balsamo A, Bal M, Tassinari D: Randomised trial of LHRH analogue treatment on final height in girls with onset of puberty aged 7.5\u20138.5 years. Arch Dis Child 1999; 81: 329\u201332","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.81.4.329"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wit JM, Oostdijk W: Novel approaches to short stature therapy. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 29: 353\u201366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2015.01.003"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Varimo T, Toiviainen-Salo S, Raivio T, Kerttula L, Dunkel L, Hero M: Letrozole monotherapy in pre- and early-pubertal boys does not increase adult height. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10: 201","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00201"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohamed S, Alkofide H, Adi YA, Amer YS, AlFaleh K: Oxandrolone for growth hormone-treated girls aged up to 18 years with Turner syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 2019: CD010736","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010736.pub2"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim SJ, Pierce W, Sabharwal S: The etiology of short stature affects the clinical outcome of lower limb lengthening using external fixation. A systematic review of 18 trials involving 547 patients. Acta Orthop 2014; 85: 181\u20136","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2014.899856"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paley D: Extensive limb lengthening for achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia. Children (Basel) 2021; 8: 540","DOI":"10.3390\/children8070540"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schiedel F, R\u00f6dl R: Lower limb lengthening in patients with disproportionate short stature with achondroplasia: a systematic review of the last 20 years. Disabil Rehabil 2012; 34: 982\u20137","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2011.631677"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leung AKC, Leung AAC, Hon KL: Tall stature in children. Adv Pediatr 2019; 66: 161\u201376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yapd.2019.04.004"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corredor B, Dattani M, Gertosio C, Bozzola M: Tall stature: a challenge for clinicians. Curr Pediatr Rev 2019; 15: 10\u201321","DOI":"10.2174\/1573396314666181105092917"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hannema ES, Savendahl L: The evaluation and management of tall stature. Horm Res Paediatr 2016; 85: 347\u201352","DOI":"10.1159\/000443685"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref66","unstructured":"Heger S, Paetow U: S1-Leitlinie: Pubertas pr\u00e4cox. AWMF online \u2013 Das Portal der wissenschaftlichen Medizin 2019. https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/174\u2013015l_S1_Pubertas-praecox_2019\u201305.pdf (last accessed on 14 January 2023)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mooji CF, Cheetham TD, Verburg FA, et al.: European Thyroid Association Guideline for the management of pediatric graves\u2018 disease. Eur Thyroid J 2022; 11: e210073","DOI":"10.1530\/ETJ-21-0073"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urakami T: Tall stature in children and adolescents. Minerva Pediatr 2020;72: 472\u201383","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4946.20.05971-X"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davies JH, Cheetham T: Investigation and management of tall stature. Arch Dis Child 2014; 99: 772\u20137","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-304830"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Upners EN, Juul A: Evaluation and phenotypic characteristics of 293 Danish girls with tall stature: effects of oral administration of natural 17&#946;-estradiol. Pediatr Res 2016; 80: 693\u2013701","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2016.128"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meazza C, Gertosio C, Giacchero R, Pagani S, Bozzola M: Tall stature: a difficult diagnosis? Ital J Pediatr 2017; 43: 66\u201374","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-017-0385-5"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benyi E, Kieler H, Linder M, et al.: Risks of malignant and non-malignant tumours in tall women treated with high-dose oestrogen during adolescence. Horm Res Paediatr 2014; 82: 89\u201396","DOI":"10.1159\/000360137"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reinehr T, Gueldensupp M, Wunsch R, Bramswig JH: Treatment of tall stature in boys: comparison of two different treatment regimens. Horm Res Paediatr 2011; 76: 343\u20137","DOI":"10.1159\/000332735"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Plaeschaert VF, van der Eijken JW, Odink RJ, Delemare HA, Caron JJ: Bilateral epiphysiodesis around the knee as treatment for excessive height in boys. J Pediatr Orthop 1997; 6: 212\u20134","DOI":"10.1097\/01202412-199707000-00011"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benyi E, Berner M, Bjernekull I, et al.: Efficacy and safety of percutaneous epiphysiodesis operation around the knee to reduce adult height in extremely tall adolescent girls and boys. Int J Pediatr Endocrinol 2010; 2010: 740629","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-9856-2010-740629"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Odink RJ, Gerver WJ, Heeg M, Rouwe CW, van Waarde WM, Sauer PJ: Reduction of excessive height in boys by bilateral percutaneous epiphysiodesis around the knee. Eur J Pediatr 2006; 165: 50\u20134","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-005-1722-z"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noordam C, van Daalen S, Otten BJ: Treatment of tall stature in boys with somatostatin analogue 201\u2013995: effect on final height. Eur J Endocrinol 2006; 154: 253\u20137","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02087"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lorget F, Kaci N, Peng J, et al.: Evaluation of the therapeutic potential of a CNP analog in a Fgfr3 mouse model recapitulating achondroplasia. Am J Hum Genet 2012; 91: 1108\u201314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2012.10.014"}],"container-title":["Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt international"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T15:22:10Z","timestamp":1706800930000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"references-count":78,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0247","relation":{},"ISSN":["1866-0452"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1866-0452","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]}}}